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332 > Chapter 1 > Flashcards

Chapter 1 Flashcards

1
Q

How many layers in ISO OSI?

A

7

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2
Q

What are the layers in ISO OSI

A

7 = application
6 = presentation
5 = session
4 = transport
3 = network
2 = data link
1 = physical

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3
Q

What does OSI stand for?

A

Open Systems Interconnection

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4
Q

what does ISO refer to and where is the real name derived from

A

International Standards organization and it comes from the Greek language and mean same

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5
Q

What is a protocol?

A

Set of conventions (agreed-upon way of doing things

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6
Q

What is the OSI model used for today?

A

It is used as a reference model

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7
Q

What are the common protocols in the 7th layer?

A

HTTP SMTP and POP3

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8
Q

What does POP3 stand for and what is it used for

A

Post Office Protocol version 3, used to retrieve email from a server

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9
Q

Give an HTTP example to retrieve a index.htm file from www.xx.co.za

A

GET /index.htm HTTP/1.1

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10
Q

What are some standards used in Layer 6?

A

XML HTML MIME

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11
Q

What does layer 4 enable?

A

process-to-process communication

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12
Q

what is the purpose of layer 3?

A

It performs routing functions. most commonly it just shows the next router on the path

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13
Q

what is the purpose of layer 2?

A

Provide mean to transfer data between network entities and to detect/correct errors that may occur in physical layers

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14
Q

What is layer 1 made up of?

A

Since it is the physical layer it is made up of copper cables and so on

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15
Q

List all the bodies that issue standards:

A

ISO, IEEE, IETF, IANA,ICANN,W3C,CCITT,NIST

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16
Q

What type of oriented protocols does the application layer have?

A

User-oriented protocols

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17
Q

Most common architecture in this course?

A

client-server

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18
Q

On what layer is FTP?

A

Layer 7

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19
Q

What is the problem with client-server architecture?

A

Client always initiates communication

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20
Q

What does P2P (Peer-to-Peer) enable?

A

different participants to work as equals

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21
Q

by what RFC is SMTP defined by?

A

RFC 5321

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22
Q

What is an alternative to POP3?

A

IMAP4 (Internet Message Access Protocol

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23
Q

What is the most well known tool to see traffic on a network?

A

WireShark

24
Q

What does DNS stand for?

A

Domain name system

25
Q

What is a TLD?

A

Top level domain

26
Q

What are the types of TLD’s

A

gTLD, ccTLD,sTLD

27
Q

what does gTLD stand for

A

generic TLD

28
Q

what does ccTLD stand for?

A

country code TLD

29
Q

what does sTLD stand for?

A

Sponsored TLD

30
Q

What does SCADA system do?

A

Controls industrial equipment from a single point in a facility

31
Q

What was X25 used for?

A

Routes network across international waters

32
Q

When did tim burners lee invent the www?

A

1990

33
Q

why are standards needed?

A

So that computers can communicate with each other

34
Q

what does set type=a do?

A

it is Used to specify that you want to query for the Address (A) records associated with a domain name.

35
Q

What is the difference between FQDN(fully qualified domain name) and a normal domain name

A

Normal = refer to a name within some current domain. FQDN = specifies domain starting at the TLD down to the domain name of interest

36
Q

what does set type=ns do?

A

tells nslookup that we want a pointer to a name server rather than the address associated with the domain

37
Q

what does nslookup do?

A

Show how Domain Names is translated to IP address

38
Q

What is a zone file?

A

A file that stores the Domain Info. Defines Resource records. authorative source.

39
Q

How do you determine the owner of a domain?

A

Enter whois “xx.co.za” command

40
Q

By who is IANA operated by?

A

ICANN (Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers)

41
Q

Who has authority at the root of the DNS?

A

IANA (Internet Assigned Numbers Authority)

42
Q

what does a CNAME(canonical name) do?

A

Assigns an alias to a domain name

43
Q

In the ISO each layer provides services for the layer directly … it. Each layer uses the services provided by the layer directly … it

A

above. below

44
Q

Is the OSI model a specific set of protocols?

A

No. it is just a reference model

45
Q

what port does ssh use

A

22

46
Q

What port does SMTP use

A

25

47
Q

What port does HTTP use

A

80

48
Q

What port does telnet use?

A

23

49
Q

What port does FTP control use?

A

21

50
Q

What port does FTP data use?

A

20

51
Q

Why is FTP still used?

A

There are many functions that can be used to make file handling easier

52
Q

What is passive connection

A

———>
actor
———-> server

else
———–>
actor
<———- server

bottom = control connection
top = data connection

53
Q

What can layer 6 do?

A

Translate.(converting) XML HTML MIE ARPA

54
Q

What does RFC stand for?

A

Request for Comments

55
Q

What is the main idea for transport layer 4?

A

Have a path between processes that participate in the convo. It can also throttle data that goes across it

56
Q

What is the purpose of layer 3?

A

to route the messages

57
Q

What does layer 2 do?

A

marks the beginning and end of a message

332 (1 decks)

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