1
Q

For nearly 50 years, scientists have been documenting that people are much better at recognizing faces of their own race than faces of other races. This finding is dubbed the____

A

Other -Race Effect

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2
Q

Which is best described as a horseshoe shaped structure in the medial temporal lobe of the brain ?

A

The hippocampus

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3
Q

Which is a trench like structure in the temporal lobe that is vital to social competence, helping us to read the many different expressions that can emerge on someone’s face and signaling us to approach, smile, share, flee, or quickly arm ourselves?

A

Superior temporal sulcus

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4
Q

What is buried deep near the base of the brain and helps us distinguish the familiar from unfamiliar, friend from foe and is widely thought to be primitive and fundamental to our survivor as species ?

A

The Fusiform Face Area

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5
Q

____ is a basic human need, and without it, we are left alone, vulnerable, and exposed ?

A

Affiliation

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6
Q

What has research and real -life experience shown us?

A

The chance of false alarms or identifying someone as the culprit, who is not, goes way up when the suspect is of a different race from the victim

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7
Q

______ is known as grouping things like things together and is a universal function of the brain that allows us to organize and manage the overload of stimuli that constantly bombard us?

A

Categorization

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8
Q

At its core, what does Newman’s story show us?

A

How categorization can be precursor to bias

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9
Q

We label the beliefs about social groups_____ and the attitudes we have about them as _____

A

Stereotypes/ prejudice

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10
Q

Walter Lippmann was considered one of the most Influential journalists of the 20th Century. What did he call the “pictures in our heads” as the impressions that reflect subjective perceptions but stand in for objective reality ?

A

Stereotype

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11
Q

____ is known as people tending to seek out and attend to the information that already confirms their beliefs which is a mechanism that allows inaccurate benefits to spread and persist?

A

Confirmation Bias

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12
Q

What is designed to measure associations that we don’t even know we have where children sit in front of a computer screen shown pictures of people and the child reacts with words to describe them?

A

Implicit association test

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13
Q

What is a standard technique used in psychology to measure the extend to which people are influenced by words or images that are beneath their conscious awareness ?

A

Subliminal Priming Task

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14
Q

______ comes from the old type setting process, in which a mold of message is cast on a metal plate and replicated in the printing provides again and again, mimicking the unchecked spread of ideas that we presume to be true?

A

Stereotype

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15
Q

Which of the following, generated from the “crime prime” is reminiscent of the phenomenon of “high visibility” which is a theme in Ralph Ellison’ 1950’s American classic, Invisible Man?

A

Increased Visual attention to black faces

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16
Q

During a study regarding the “stop and frisk” movement of the New York City police department, what was found to the be most common reason police gave for stopping potential criminals on the street ?

A

Furtive movements

17
Q

What was the outcome of “shot, don’t shoot” study ?

A

Training. The more interactive use of force training officers have, the better able they are to discern when a gun is present and when is not, and the less likely they are to racial bias in whom they decide to shoot.

18
Q

Sometimes a way to curb bias is _____

A

Training them to do their jobs better and develop skills through goal driven repetitive practice

19
Q

What is necessary in order to understand police-community relations?

A

Basic facts about how our minds are design to work

Our history

Our culture

20
Q

The Oakland police department had been plagued with scandals for decades. Which was the most notorious?

A

“the Riders” vigilante cops who planted drugs and physically assaulted citizens from the 1990s to 2000

21
Q

The primary way in which one is that elevates the aspect of the self above all others is ?

A

Master status

22
Q

What is the goal of procedural Justice ?

A

Improve the quality of each Interaction once a stop has occurred.

23
Q

Both research and real-life experiences have shown that if officers act in accordance with four tenets, residents will be more inclined to think of police as legitimate authorities and therefore be more likely to comply with the law. What are those four tenets ?

A

Voice, fairness, respect and trustworthiness

24
Q

What is the purpose of procedural Justice training?

A

Remind officers just how important everyday interactions are.

25
Q

Which is one of the primary barriers of good policing ?

A

Cynicism that officers develop while working the Streets

26
Q

Officers get jaded as they bear witness to horrific acts of violence. They get worn down by living in constant state of _____ not knowing when the next threat will emerge.

A

Hyper vigilance

27
Q

Which study reminds us of how selective our social perception may be?

A

The invisible gorilla

28
Q

Black drivers are more than twice as likely than white drivers to have been stopped for a high discretion violation.

A

True

29
Q

______ are most common form of police contact with the public.

A

Traffic stops

30
Q

The pre trail detention rate for blacks is four times greater than that whites charged with similar offenses

A

True

31
Q

Which is the most successful prison education program in the country ?

A

The Prison University project

32
Q

The United States is one of the four industrialized nations in the world that still executes criminals. What are the other three nations ?

A

Japan, Singapore, and Taiwan

33
Q

Which of the following is MOST Accurate regarding lynching ?

A

They are un prosecuted murders by mobs of unidentified people occurring all across the United States but mainly concentrated in Georgia, Mississippi and Alabama.

34
Q

Segregation is nearing epidemic levels. What states according to a UCLA study are considered the worst for isolating black students in urban settings ?

A

New York, Illinois and California

35
Q

_____ is a place where young people discover and reinvent themselves, where the norms that guide our thinking and govern behavior are set and challenged

A

College

36
Q

Which of the following has helped departments move toward a more transparent form of precision policing ?

A

Technology and Data