Chapter 1

Question 1

Atom

Answer 1

The atom is the smallest and most fundamental unit of matter. It consists of a nucleus surrounded by electrons.

Question 2

Authotroph

Answer 2

Organisms that are capable of making their own chemical energy are
referred to as autotrophs.

Question 3

Biology

Answer 3

The science that studies life

Question 4

Biosphere

Answer 4

is the collection of all ecosystems on planet Earth.

Question 5

Cell

Answer 5

is the smallest fundamental unit found in living organisms.

Question 6

Community

Answer 6

is the set of populations inhabiting a particular area.

Question 7

Control

Answer 7

the independent variable is absent or set to some predetermined standard.

Question 8

Deductive Reasoning

Answer 8

a form of logical thinking that uses a general statement to forecast results.

Question 9

Dependent Variable

Answer 9

the variable that will change when the independent variable is altered; this
is what the researcher will measure or observe during the experiment.

Question 10

Domain

Answer 10

the highest level of the taxonomic hierarchy; includes the Eukarya, Archaea, and
Bacteria.

Question 11

Ecosystem

Answer 11

all living things in a particular area together with the abiotic, nonliving parts of that
environment.

Question 12

Eukaryote

Answer 12

an organism with cells that have nuclei and membrane-bound organelles.

Question 13

Evolution

Answer 13

the process of gradual change in a population that can also lead to new species arising from older species.

Question 14

Experimental Group

Answer 14

in an experiment receive varying types or amounts of the independent variable

Question 15

Falsifiable

Answer 15

the hypothesis can be incorrect if data that is collected refutes the hypothesis

Question 16

Heterotroph

Answer 16

an organism that cannot make its own food and must consume other organisms to
obtain its energy.

Question 17

Homeostasis

Answer 17

the ability of an organism to maintain constant internal conditions.

Question 18

Hypothesis

Answer 18

a suggested explanation for a scientific question or an observation, which can be tested.

Question 19

Independent Variable

Answer 19

is the variable that is being altered or changed by the researcher

Question 20

Inductive reasoning

Answer 20

is a form of logical thinking that uses related observations to arrive at a
general conclusion.

Question 21

Macromolecule

Answer 21

a large molecule typically formed by the joining of smaller molecules

Question 22

Molecule

Answer 22

a chemical structure consisting of at least two atoms held together by a chemical bond

Question 23

Organ

Answer 23

a structure formed of tissues operating together to perform a common function

Question 24

Organelle

Answer 24

a membrane-bound compartment or sac within a cell

Question 25

Organism

Answer 25

an individual living entity

Question 26

Phylogenetic tree

Answer 26

a diagram showing the evolutionary relationships among biological species
based on similarities and differences in genetic or physical traits or both

Question 27

Predictions

Answer 27

statements that describe what should happen if the hypothesis
is correct and supported.

Question 28

Prokaryote

Answer 28

a unicellular organism that lacks a nucleus or any other membrane-bound organelle.

Question 29

Pseudoscience

Answer 29

is claims or beliefs that are represented as scientific fact but cannot be evaluated using the scientific method.

Question 30

Qualitative Data

Answer 30

which is descriptive or categorical

Question 31

Scientific Method

Question 32

Scientific Theory

Answer 32

a well-tested and consistently verified explanation for a set of observations or
phenomena

Question 33

Standardized Variables

Answer 33

variables that must be kept consistent among all test groups

Question 34

Tissue

Answer 34

a group of similar cells carrying out the same function