Chapter 1

Question 1

science

Answer 1

methods to justify belief with evidence

Question 2

empirical

Answer 2

from experience; basis of science

Question 3

replication

Answer 3

repeating study / method

Question 4

operational definition

Answer 4

definition of concept that specifies how to be measured

Question 5

peer review

Answer 5

where research is looked over by others

Question 6

statistical reasoning error

Answer 6

poor judgement on likelihoods

Question 7

attribution errors

Answer 7

mistaking another’s action due to their character / personality

Question 8

overconfidence error

Answer 8

bias thinking we’re more correct than we are

Question 9

hindsight bias

Answer 9

believing you knew after it has already happened

Question 10

confirmation bias

Answer 10

noticing / believing info more when you already believe it

Question 11

false concensus

Answer 11

when you think everyone thinks / agrees with what you believe

Question 12

naive / intuitive psychology

Answer 12

search for explanations with no evidence to back it

Question 13

belief perserverance

Answer 13

believing even when you are proven wrong

Question 14

oversimplification

Answer 14

simplifying to the point that it distorts / misrepresents info

Question 15

overgeneralization

Answer 15

incorrectly saying info of one group is also true for another group

Question 16

headline effect

Answer 16

oversimplification in a very short summary / headline skewing info

Question 17

false dichotomy / choice

Answer 17

oversimplification where only a few of all options are available

Question 18

testimonial

Answer 18

user reports of items

Question 19

observations

Answer 19

see / hear / learn something noteworthy

Question 20

theories

Answer 20

explain / figure out why observations happen

Question 21

hypotheses

Answer 21

prediction about future observations