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ANTH1220 > Chapter 1 > Flashcards

Chapter 1 Flashcards

1
Q

what is anthropology?

A

the study of humanity; everything and anything that makes us human

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2
Q

what are the 4 academic subfields of anthropology?

A

cultural anthropology
archaeology
biological anthropology
linguistics

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3
Q

what is cultural anthropology?

A

the study of similarities and differences among living societies and cultural groups

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4
Q

what is archaeology?

A

the study of material past using excavation

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5
Q

what is linguistic anthropology?

A

the study of human language

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6
Q

what is the practical subfield of anthropology?

A

applied anthropology

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7
Q

what is applied anthropology?

A

the application of anthropological theories, methods, and findings to solve practical problems

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8
Q

who was Zhang Qian (164 - 113 BC)?

A
  • one of the first examples of someone who attempted to study and document cultural differences.
  • a military officer who was sent by Emperor Wu of Han to travel through Central Asia for 25 years.
  • he recorded his observations and the emperor used the information to establish new relationships and cultural connections with China’s neighbours to the west.
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9
Q

who was Ibn Battuta (1304 - 1369)

A
  • one of the first examples of someone who attempted to study and document cultural differences.
  • in the 14th century he traveled for nearly 30 years covering almost the whole of the Islamic world.
  • he documented the customs and traditions of the people he encountered in a book called “A Gift to those who Contemplate the Wonders of Cities and the Marvels of Traveling”
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10
Q

what was the “age of discovery”?

A
  • 1400 - 1700s
  • exploration and exploitation
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11
Q

what was the “age of enlightenment”?

A
  • began in the 1700s
  • privileged science and observation
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12
Q

what happened in the 1800s in terms of anthropological thinking?

A

the development of science, participant observation, and cultural relativism

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13
Q

what is holism?

A
  • how aspects of life influence one another
  • anthropologists ask how different aspects of human life influence one another
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14
Q

what is cultural relativism?

A

understanding others from the perspective of their own culture

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15
Q

what is comparison?

A

used to learn about similarities and differences in anthropological work

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16
Q

what is fieldwork?

A

ethnography based on participant observation; descriptive accounts of culture with theory

17
Q

describe scientific vs. humanistic approaches

A

biological subfield uses a more scientific approach, while cultural uses a more humanistic approach

ANTH1220 (3 decks)

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