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Bio 110 > chapter 1 > Flashcards

chapter 1 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

what is the study of science?

A

the study of the world around us through observation

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2
Q

what is the study of biology?

A

the study of life

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3
Q

scientific method

A

is the process of establishing facts through observation, measurement, experiment, formulation, and testing of a hypothesis

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4
Q

hypothesis

A

a concept or idea that you test through research and experiments

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5
Q

what are pros and cons of the scientific method?

A

pros: it is based on fact and not objective, a standardized approach to conducting experiments
cons: limits the growth of scientific method,

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6
Q

Why is the traditional scientific method not a robust description of how science progresses? (exam question)

A

Because there is a lack of importance placed on observations that lie outside of the main hypothesis. It is also linear and does not offer an explanation that could

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7
Q

What are the key features of the scientific process? (exam question)

A

Forming a hypothesis, making predictions, running experiments, gathering data, interpreting data, and drawing conclusions

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8
Q

Fact vs Hypothesis

A

Facts are objective statements like “it is raining”
Hypothesis is a proposed explanation of a fact like “it is probably raining because it is too warm for condensation to freeze into snow”

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9
Q

Theory vs Law

A

Theory is something that answers WHY and has been tested
Law is a statement that tells HOW something happens

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10
Q

What is the scientific process?

A

Questioning the validity of a hypothesis and trying to understand it by questioning it. It also includes careful observations, is not linear, is questioned by peers, and has logical and mathematical reasoning.

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11
Q

What are the 3 non-mutually ways to study bio

A
  1. Mathematical Model
  2. Observational
  3. Experiments
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12
Q

What is the mathematical model?

A

They simplify and describe complex processes using math equations. It is developed on both testing and theory

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13
Q

What is the observational process?

A

The observational process consists of perceiving knowledge and information from a primary source. It also includes a recording of data and conducting experiments

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14
Q

What is the process of conducting experiments?

A

An experiment is a procedure to support or refute a hypothesis under controlled conditions. It is a process of testing and finding a conclusion

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15
Q

How does insect activity (hours flying per day) change with oxygen concentration? (exam question)

A

Determine the independent, dependent, and confounding variables; express insect activity at different elevations; with the confounding variable repeat study in various locations

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16
Q

What are the 4 characteristics of a strong experiment?

A
  1. Usefulness of a control treatment
  2. Meaningful treatment
  3. Replication
  4. Interspersion and randomization of treatments
17
Q

What is a confounding variable?

A

A variable that influences both the independent and dependent variables. Provides a more accurate estimate rather than just using the independent/dependent variables.

18
Q

What is the purpose of Control Treatments for a strong experiment?

A

By having control treatments within an experiment, you can use it as a benchmark to compare against the other treatments that are not controlled

19
Q

What is the purpose of Meaningful Treatment for a strong experiment?

A

Allows the reason for cause for the cause and effect as well as the validity of the experiment by how well the treatment was manipulated.

20
Q

What is the purpose of Replication for a strong experiment?

A

Allows you to see patterns and trends in the results of the experiment.

21
Q

What is the purpose of Interspersion & Randomization of Treatment of a strong experiment?

A

Treatments should be mixed up/random, which provides insurance against biases.

22
Q

scientific theory

A

an explanation of the natural world and universe that has been tested and proved by the scientific method

23
Q

scientific law

A

statements based on research and observations that describe or predict natural phenomena (Newton’s Law of Gravity)

24
Q

what is an independent variable?

A

what is being manipulated by the researchers as a potential cause

25
Q

what is a dependent variable?

A

the response or output, that is affected by the independent variable

26
Q

single blind experiment

A
27
Q

blind experiment

A
28
Q

not blind experiment

A
29
Q

placebo

A
30
Q

pseudoscience

A
31
Q

anecdotal evidence

A
32
Q

What are the properties of life?

A

Bio 110 (1 decks)

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