Chapter 1 Flashcards
Define Environmental Evolutionary Adaptedness (EEA)
original baseline of humans from which future generations have created morphological/psychological adaptations
Describe ideas of Plato’s view of development
-nature vs nurture
-children born with innate knowledge
-discipline & self-control important (esp. for boys)
Describe ideas of Aristotle’s view of development
-tabulua rasa (blank slate)
-knowledge through experience
-values timing (>7 is out of hand)
Describe ideas of Rousseau’s view of development
-value of childhood
-importance of play
Describe ideas of John Watson’s view of development
-infants can be trained regardless of tendencies & abilities
-nurture
Define nature
biological traits of genetic inheritance (can influence physical makeup, mental health, personality, & preferences)
Define nurture
environments that influence development (womb, home, school, etc.
continuous development
changes with age occur gradually in small increments (pine tree growing)
discontinuous development
changes with age include large occasional shifts (caterpillar to cocoon to butterfly)
3 reasons to study child development
raising children, choosing social policies, & understanding human nature
Describe ideas of Darwin’s view of development
attachment to mothers, fear of natural dangers, sex differences, learning mechanisms
Describe ideas of Kagan’s view of development
-innate moral sense
-5 abilities (infer feelings of others, good vs bad, reflect on past, understand avoidable consequences, understand own & others’ motives
Define genome
set of hereditary info- influence behaviors & experiences which also influence the genome
define epiginetics
study of changes in gene expression from environmental factors
define methylation
biochemical process that influences behavior by suppressing gene activity/expression