chapter 1 Flashcards
what is anatomy?
the study of the structure of the body
what is physiology?
the study of how bodies function
what is classified as body systems?
the multiple organs and structures that carry out complex body functions.
integumentary system
its function is protection from bacteria, foreign bodies, and chemicals from entering the body, temperature regulation, and prevention of water loss or excessive absorption of water. It consists of the skin, including glands, sweat, and oil glands, hair and nails.
skeletal system
Function is to support, store minerals and fat, and produce blood cells with the help of muscles and movement. It consists of bones, joints, cartilage, and ligaments.
muscular system
function is movement and allow body to maintain posture and produce heat. Consists of striated and smooth muscles.
nervous system
function is to regulate the body’s control system to maintain homeostasis, allows us to communicate, think, and coordinate body movements by nerve impulses. It consists of the brain, spinal cord, nerves, and sensory receptors.
endocrine system
Regulates and affects metabolism, growth, sleep cycle, stress hormones, blood glucose levels, and reproduction. it consists of hormone producing glands throughout the body.
cardiovascular system
function is to transport oxygen, nutrients, hormones, water, and waste. it consists of the heart, blood vessels, and blood.
lymphatic system
protect the body by filtering the blood and lymph, and removing toxins that can cause infection and disease. It consists of lymph nodes, lymphatic vessels, spleen, tonsils, and thymus.
respiratory system
function to provide the family to provide the body with a way to take in oxygen and eliminate carbon dioxide.
digestive system
primary function is to break down food for absorption of nutrients and elimination of waste. It consists of the mouth, esophagus, stomach, intestines, rectum, and anus.
urinary system
Function is to remove waste products from the blood and eliminate excess fluid from the body. It consists of the kidneys, uterus, bladder, and urethra.
reproductive system
produces hormones related to sexual functions and procreation. Female system consists of the vagina, ovaries, Fallopian tubes, uterus, labia, clitoris, and vaginal opening ( the breasts also play a role in the form of lactation) The male system consists of the testes, epidermis, urethra, and penis.
when does disease occur?
when the body’s systems are not able to maintain homeostasis for some reason.
