Chapter 1 Flashcards
Blood Sample
A portion of blood removed that is small enough so as not to cause harm
Venipuncture
Withdrawing a venous blood sample using a needle attached to an evacuated tube system or other collection devices
Skin (Dermal) Puncture
Puncturing a finger with a specially designed safety lancet to withdraw a smaller amount of capillary blood
Blood Specimen
A discrete portion of blood taken for laboratory purposes of one or more characteristics to determine the character of the whole body
Give three things laboratory test results are used for.
Diagnostic evaluation, therapeutic assessments, and monitoring health status.
Screening Tests
Laboratory tests that give a “positive” or “negative” result
Qualitative Tests
Lab tests that do not provide a specific measure of a substance, only and indicated “positive” when the result is within a range of values.
Quantitative Tests
Provide exact measurements of a substance in the blood.
Phlebotomist
Blood collector
True or False: Phlebotomists assist in the collection and transportation of specimens other than venous blood.
True. Eg. arterial blood, urine, tissues, and sputum.
Preexamination (Preanalytical) Phase
The part of the process that occurs before the actual testing and analysis are performed.
What are the three phases of specimen collection? Give an example of what is included in each.
1) Preexamination (preanalytical) - Lab requests, labeling the specimen, post-puncture care, processing the specimen.
2) Examination (analytical) - Using appropriate equiptment, reviewing and verifying results, reconciling discrepancies
3) Postexamination (postanalytical) - Entering critical lab data, storing specimens appropriately, defining and adhering to turnaround times
What kind of care does “Point of Care” include?
Includes low-risk lab tests or clinical procedures such as glucose screening, hematocrit, fecal occult blood tests, urine dipsticks, and etc.
What does POCT stand for?
Point-of-care-testing.
What does EKG stand for?
Electrocardiogram.
Acute-care hospitals, specialty hospitals, hospital-based clinics, hospital-based emergency centers
Hospital (Inpatient) Settings
Community health centers, mobile vans for blood donation, fertility clinics, free-standing surgical centers, rural health clinics, specialty practices, and etc.
Ambulatory Care (Outpatient) Settings
Pathologist
Physicians who have extensive training in pathology (study and diagnosis of disease)
Administrative/Management Staff
Individuals who may have a graduate degree in health care administration or business
Technical Supervisors
Medical lab scientists with additional experience and education in a lab specialty area, such as hematology, microbiology, or clinical chemistry
Medical Laboratory Scientists (MLS)
Certified professionals with a bachelor’s degree in a biological science
Medical Laboratory Technicians (MLT)
Individuals who have a two-year certificate or associate degree
Phlebotomists or Phlebotomy Technician
Individuals with a high school diploma and specialized phlebotomy educational and clinical training
Certified Specialists
Individuals who complete required experiences and a certification examination in a specified area of the laboratory, such as blood banking, hemapheresis, etc.
A ____ ______ _______ or its equivalent is most often required to ender a phlebotomy training program in hospitals, community colleges, or technical schools.
High school diploma.
Competency Statements
Describe the entry-level skills, tasks, and roles performed by designated health care workers.
Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs)
Cover the practices, conduct, behaviors, and actions that are acceptable in the field
Offers several certification examinations including Phlebotomy Technician, Medical Laboratory Technician, Medical Laboratory Assistant, and etc.
American Medical Technologists (AMT)
Has recognized clinical laboratory personnel for more that 50 years. Several types of memberships are available, depending on the education level and experience of the individual.
The American Society for Coinical Laboratory Science (ASCLS)
____ offers many levels of certification through the Board of Certification (BOC). Also provides educational programs, teleconferences, webinars, shops, phlebotomy scholarships, and online CE for phlebotomists.
American Society for Clinical Pathology (ASCP)
American Society of Phlebotomy Technicians (ASPT) offers?
A CPT (ASPT) certification examination and certification exams for POC technician, EKG technician, etc.
National Accrediting Agency for Clinical Laboratory Sciences (NAACLS) accredits?
Accredits educational programs in clinical lab sciences including phlebotomy. No certification examinations are provided.
National Phlebotomy Association (NPA) was established to?
recognize the phlebotomist as a distinctive and identifiable part of the health care team. Has established professional standards, a code of ethics, educational opportunities, and an annual certification examination resulting in a CPT (NPA).
Is assessing the degree of bleeding and pain an example of a clinical, technical, or clerical duty?
Clinical.
Print/collate/distribute laboratory requisitions is an example of clerical, technical, or clinical duties?
Clerical.
Is manipulating small objects, tubes, and needles an example of a clinical, clerical, or technical duty?
Technical.
Quality
A positive attribute or the comparison of service expectations with actual performance
Name 5 professional character traits required by a phlebotomist.
Sincerity and compassion, emotional stability and maturity, accountability for doing things right, dedication to high standards of performance and precision, respect for patient’s dignity, privacy, confidentiality, and the right to know, propensity for health and cleanliness, pride, satisfaction, and self-fulfillment in the job, working with team members, and taking pleasure in communicating with patients.
Are tattoos allowed to be visible?
Not at most facilities.
True or False: Name badges will be visibly worn at all times.
True.
How long can nails be?
No more than 1/4 of an inch past the fingertip.
What recommendations are there pertaining to makeup?
Makeup should create a natural look and should not be extreme or excessive.
Is denim clothing allowed?
Not usually, unless on special occassions.
Are facial piercings recommended? Why or why not?
No. They may pose hazards and/or may become irritated with the use of PPE.
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
Barrier protection for worker handling biohazardous, infectious substances. Includes gowns, gloves, masks, lab coats or aprons, and face shields.
___-__-____ communication is the most effective form of communication and is part of a phlebotomist’s everyday job.
Face-to-face.
Which of the following is an example of an internal stakeholder for phlebotomy services: A health care foundation or a physician?
Physician.
Which organization has a list of entry-level phlebotomist competencies: ASPT, NPA, NHA, or NAACLS?
NAACLS (National Association for Accreditation of Clinical Laboratory Sciences)
Which would be considered an inpatient setting: a mobile blood-donation van, a home health agency, or an acute-care hospital?
Acute-care hospital, because the point of care is not the patient.
What kind of diploma is required to enter most phlebotomy programs?
High school or equivalent.
How do employers provide feedback on a phlebotomist’s ability to do their job?
Performance evaluations.
What should a phlebotomist do if the patient assigned to him/her does not speak English?
Seek out a translator or written instructions in that language.
It is best to transport routine blood specimens to the laboratory within:
