Chapter 1

Question 1

Ancient Civilizations

Answer 1

1.1 Early Civilization
1.2 Sumerian Civilization
1.3 Babylonian Civilization
1.4 Egyptian Civilization
1.5 Greek Civilization
1.6 Roman Civilization
1.7 Chinese Civilization

Question 2

cumulative inquiry into nature using the scientific method or system of verifiable concepts, methods, principles, theories, and laws that seek to understand, describe, explain, and predict nature and its phenomena.

Answer 2

Science

Question 3

Application of science

Answer 3

Technology

Question 4

People who stay on the move looking for food; without a permanent home;
lived in areas with bountiful resources of food; small tribes of hunter-gatherers

Answer 4

Nomads

Question 5

Nomads’ basic needs

Answer 5

food, shelter, clothing

Question 6

Nomads used stones for survival

Answer 6

hunting fish and wild animals, preparing food, making shelter, protecting
territory from invasion

Question 7

The first civilization began in Mesopotamia, aka

Answer 7

“land between the rivers”

Question 8

Meso means

Answer 8

middle

Question 9

Potam means

Answer 9

river

Question 10

Mesopotamia was located between

Answer 10

Tigris Euphrates rivers.

Question 11

The foundation of human civilization; Sumerians & Babylonians

Answer 11

Ancient Mesopotamia

Question 12

Created a civilization by the development of methods and technologies in
architectures, language, agriculture, and governance

Answer 12

Sumerian Civilization

Question 13

the first people to settle in Mesopotamia

Answer 13

Sumerians

Question 14

Cities along the rivers in South
Mesopotamia in 4500 BCE

Answer 14

Eridu, Uruk, Ur, Larsa, Isin, Adab, Kullah, Lagash, Nippur, Kish

Question 15

Considered to be the first true city in the world; no building stones were used,
lumber was limited, mud/clay from the river was added with reeds and bricks,
houses made of sun-baked bricks

Answer 15

City of Uruk

Question 16

Cities had a corresponding king living in a ziggurat; with the temple at the top
reserved for their high priests to serve their patron gods and goddesses

Answer 16

Ziggurats

Question 17

Mountain of God

Answer 17

The Great Ziggurat of Ur

Question 18

No inner chambers, a height of around 170 feet, took 12 years of excavation

Answer 18

The Great Ziggurat of Ur

Question 19

inside structure of The Great Ziggurat of Ur

Answer 19

Sun-baked bricks

Question 20

outside structure of The Great Ziggurat of Ur

Answer 20

Fired bricks

Question 21

the Great Ziggurat of Ur is primarily built for her

Answer 21

Nanna, moon of god

Question 22

Sumerian agricultural products

Answer 22

wheat and barley; fruits and vegetables like grapes and onions; sheep, goats, and cows

Question 23

Irrigation system that brought water to farmland; controlled flooding of the
rivers

Answer 23

Levees

Question 24

Construction of levees

Answer 24

1. dug wide canals from rivers out to farms
2. dug small ditches from canals to fields to water all the crops
3. put gates on the ditches to control the amount of water

Question 25

First writing system; pictures and triangular symbols; curved in mud/clay tablets using a reed stylus

Answer 25

Cuneiform

Question 26

Uses of cuneiform

Answer 26

trading, recording goods and livestock, temple activities, businesses, presenting stories, myths, and personal letters

Question 27

Sumerian number system, base 60

Answer 27

Sexagesimal system

Question 28

skin-float or raft made of hides stretched over wood frames and a broad; short boat made of water-proof material; made of reeds

Answer 28

Sailboats

Question 29

Uses of sailboats

Answer 29

to travel along the river; to carry products for trading

Question 30

Wheel

Answer 30

the 1st wheels were not used for transportation but for farm work in 2000 BC; is used for transporting agricultural products

Question 31

a seed-sowing machine that could plant seeds more quickly and evenly than sowing by hand; enabled Sumerians to dig soil land where seeds would be planted at a faster pace; mass-produced food without taking too much effort and time.

Answer 31

Plow

Question 32

Reasons why Sumerians believed that diseases were punishment from god

Answer 32

committed sins, wrong-doing, actions of demons, bad spirits

Question 33

sufficient magic power to fight the mystic force of disease and illness

Answer 33

Priest

Question 34

drive away the spirits with charms and spells

Answer 34

Exorcists

Question 35

How long does the Sumerian civilization lasted

Answer 35

for short 2,000 years before the Babylonians took charge in 2004 BC

Question 36

emerged near the Tigris and Euphrates river

Answer 36

Babylonian civilization

Question 37

great builders, engineers, and architects

Answer 37

Babylonians

Question 38

was said to be a structure made up of layers upon layers of gardens with species of plants, trees, and vines; 75 feet high; approx 8,200 gallons of water each day to keep the plants watered; no physical evidence to prove such existence; the exact location is also unknown; a mythical place

Answer 38

Hanging Gardens of Babylon

Question 39

built the hanging gardens of Babylon for his wife, queen Amytis

Answer 39

King Nebuchadnezzar

Question 40

babylonian civilization transpired during this age

Answer 40

Bronze age

Question 41

bronze material; an alloy of copper and tin

Answer 41

Weapons

Question 42

Babylon was conquered by a man who turned it into a kingdom made up of the city and a small amount of territory.

Answer 42

Sumu Abum

Question 43

Took over the place and turned the small city into an empire

Answer 43

Hammurabi (First Lawgiver)