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Science, Technology and Society > Chapter 1 > Flashcards

Chapter 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

Ancient Civilizations

A

1.1 Early Civilization
1.2 Sumerian Civilization
1.3 Babylonian Civilization
1.4 Egyptian Civilization
1.5 Greek Civilization
1.6 Roman Civilization
1.7 Chinese Civilization

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2
Q

cumulative inquiry into nature using the scientific method or system of verifiable concepts, methods, principles, theories, and laws that seek to understand, describe, explain, and predict nature and its phenomena.

A

Science

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3
Q

Application of science

A

Technology

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4
Q

People who stay on the move looking for food; without a permanent home;
lived in areas with bountiful resources of food; small tribes of hunter-gatherers

A

Nomads

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5
Q

Nomads’ basic needs

A

food, shelter, clothing

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6
Q

Nomads used stones for survival

A

hunting fish and wild animals, preparing food, making shelter, protecting
territory from invasion

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7
Q

The first civilization began in Mesopotamia, aka

A

“land between the rivers”

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8
Q

Meso means

A

middle

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9
Q

Potam means

A

river

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10
Q

Mesopotamia was located between

A

Tigris Euphrates rivers.

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11
Q

The foundation of human civilization; Sumerians & Babylonians

A

Ancient Mesopotamia

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12
Q

Created a civilization by the development of methods and technologies in
architectures, language, agriculture, and governance

A

Sumerian Civilization

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13
Q

the first people to settle in Mesopotamia

A

Sumerians

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14
Q

Cities along the rivers in South
Mesopotamia in 4500 BCE

A

Eridu, Uruk, Ur, Larsa, Isin, Adab, Kullah, Lagash, Nippur, Kish

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15
Q

Considered to be the first true city in the world; no building stones were used,
lumber was limited, mud/clay from the river was added with reeds and bricks,
houses made of sun-baked bricks

A

City of Uruk

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16
Q

Cities had a corresponding king living in a ziggurat; with the temple at the top
reserved for their high priests to serve their patron gods and goddesses

A

Ziggurats

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17
Q

Mountain of God

A

The Great Ziggurat of Ur

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18
Q

No inner chambers, a height of around 170 feet, took 12 years of excavation

A

The Great Ziggurat of Ur

19
Q

inside structure of The Great Ziggurat of Ur

A

Sun-baked bricks

20
Q

outside structure of The Great Ziggurat of Ur

A

Fired bricks

21
Q

the Great Ziggurat of Ur is primarily built for her

A

Nanna, moon of god

22
Q

Sumerian agricultural products

A

wheat and barley; fruits and vegetables like grapes and onions; sheep, goats, and cows

23
Q

Irrigation system that brought water to farmland; controlled flooding of the
rivers

A

Levees

24
Q

Construction of levees

A
  1. dug wide canals from rivers out to farms
  2. dug small ditches from canals to fields to water all the crops
  3. put gates on the ditches to control the amount of water
25
Q

First writing system; pictures and triangular symbols; curved in mud/clay
tablets using a reed stylus

A

Cuneiform

26
Q

Uses of cuneiform

A

trading, recording goods and livestock, temple activities, businesses,
presenting stories, myths, and personal letters

27
Q

Sumerian number system, base 60

A

Sexagesimal system

28
Q

skin-float or raft made of hides stretched over wood frames and a broad;
short boat made of water-proof material; made of reeds

A

Sailboats

29
Q

Uses of sailboats

A

to travel along the river; to carry products for trading

30
Q

Wheel

A

the 1st wheels were not used for transportation but for farm work in 2000
BC; is used for transporting agricultural products

31
Q

a seed-sowing machine that could plant seeds more quickly and evenly
than sowing by hand; enabled Sumerians to dig soil land where seeds would
be planted at a faster pace; mass-produced food without taking too much
effort and time.

A

Plow

32
Q

Reasons why Sumerians believed
that diseases were punishment
from god

A

committed sins, wrong-doing, actions of demons, bad spirits

33
Q

sufficient magic power to fight the mystic force of disease and illness

A

Priest

34
Q

drive away the spirits with charms and spells

A

Exorcists

35
Q

How long does the Sumerian
civilization lasted

A

for short 2,000 years before the Babylonians took charge in 2004 BC

36
Q

emerged near the Tigris and Euphrates river

A

Babylonian civilization

37
Q

great builders, engineers, and architects

A

Babylonians

38
Q

was said to be a structure made up of layers upon layers of gardens with species of plants, trees, and vines; 75 feet high; approx 8,200 gallons of water each day to keep the plants watered; no physical evidence to prove such existence; the exact location is also unknown; a mythical place

A

Hanging Gardens of Babylon

39
Q

built the hanging gardens of Babylon for his wife, queen Amytis

A

King Nebuchadnezzar

40
Q

babylonian civilization transpired during this age

A

Bronze age

41
Q

bronze material; an alloy of copper and tin

A

Weapons

42
Q

Babylon was conquered by a man who turned it into a kingdom made up of
the city and a small amount of territory.

A

Sumu Abum

43
Q

Took over the place and turned the small city into an empire

A

Hammurabi (First Lawgiver)

44
Q
A

Science, Technology and Society (1 decks)

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