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CIT 22 > Chapter 1 > Flashcards

Chapter 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Network admin needs to connect two routers directly via their FastEthernet ports. What cable should be used to connect each other?

A

Cross-Over Cable

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2
Q

If a router can not find a valid config file during the startup sequence, what will occur?

A

The router will prompt the user for a response to enter setup mode.

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3
Q

Passwords can be used to restrict access to all other parts of the Cisco IOS. Name three modes that can be protected.

A

VTY Interface, Console Interface, and Privileged EXEC mode.

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4
Q

Which two statements correctly describe the components of a router?

A

ROM contains diagnostics executed on hardware modules and Flash memory does not lose contents during a reboot.

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5
Q

What is the outcome of entering these commands? R1(config)# line vty 0 4 R1(config-line)# password check123 R1(config-line)# login

A

Sets the password to be used for connecting to the router using Telnet.

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6
Q

What is the correct flow of routines for a router startup?

A

Load Bootstrap, load IOS, apply config.

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7
Q

What three processes does a router execute when it receives a packet from one network that is destined for another network?

A

Decapsulates the Layer 3 packet by stripping off the Layer 2 frame header. Uses the destination IP Address in the IP header to look up the next-hop address in the routing table. Encapsulates the Layer 3 packet into the new Layer 2 frame and forwards it out the exit interface.

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8
Q

From what location can a router load the Cisco IOS during the boot process?

A

TFTP Server and Flash Memory.

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9
Q

A network admin has just entered new configs into Router1. What command should be executed to save config changes to NVRAM?

A

Router1# copy running-config startup-config

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10
Q

What is the default sequence for loading the config file?

A

NVRAM, TFTP, Console

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11
Q

What header addres info does a router change in the info it receives from an attached Ethernet interface before info is transmitted out another interface?

A

The Layer 2 source and destination address.

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12
Q

Refer to the exhibit. The network administrator has configured the router with the interface IP addresses shown for the directly connected networks. Pings from the router to hosts on the connected networks or pings between router interfaces are not working. What is the most likely problem?

A

The interfaces must be enabled with the no shutdown command.

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13
Q

Refer to the exhibit. What can be concluded from the routing table output in the exhibit? (2)

A
  • The FastEthernet0/0 and Serial0/0/0 interfaces of this router were configured with an IP address and the no shutdown command.
  • An IP packet received by this router with a destination address of 198.18.9.1 will be forwarded out of the Serial0/0/0 interface.
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14
Q

Refer to the exhibit. The frame shown in the exhibit was received by the router. The router interfaces are operational. How will the router process this frame? (2)

A
  • The router will change the frame type to one supported by the WAN link before forwarding the frame.
  • The frame was received on the Fa0/0 interface of the router and will be switched to the S0/0/0 interface.
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15
Q

Refer to the exhibit. After host 2 is connected to the switch on the LAN, host 2 is unable to communicate with host 1. What is the cause of this problem?

A

Host 1 and host 2 are on different networks.

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16
Q

Refer to the exhibit. All routers have a route in its routing table to each network that is shown in the exhibit. Default routes have not been issued on these routers. What can be concluded about how packets are forwarded in this network? (Two Answers.)

A
  • If RouterA receives a packet that is destined for 192.168.3.146, it will be forwarded out interface S0/0/1.
  • If RouterB receives a packet that is destined for 10.5.27.15, it will be forwarded out interface S0/0/1.
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17
Q

The serial connection shown in the graphic needs to be configured. Which configuration commands must be made on the Sydney router to establish connectivity with the Melbourne site? (Three Answers.)

A
  • Sydney(config-if)# ip address 201.100.53.2 255.255.255.0
  • Sydney(config-if)# no shutdown
  • Sydney(config-if)# clock rate 56000
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18
Q

Refer to the exhibit. What can be concluded from the output of the running-configuration of a router?

A

The commands that are displayed determine the current operation of the router.

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19
Q

Refer to the exhibit. Host A pings host B. When R4 accepts the ping into the Ethernet interface, what two pieces of header information are included? (2)

A
  • destination IP address: 192.168.10.134
  • destination MAC address: 9999.DADC.1234
20
Q

Which interfaces in the exhibit could be used for a leased line WAN connection? (2)

A
  • 1
  • 4
21
Q

What two functions does Packet Forwarding involve?

A

Path Determination Function and Switching Function.

22
Q

What is HWIC?

A

High Speed WAN Interface Card

23
Q

What is AIM?

A

Advanced Interation Module.

24
Q

What 5 things does RAM store?

A
  • OS (Copied At Boot)
  • Running Configuration File (Store Commands IOS Currently Using)
  • IP Routing Table (Info for Directly Connected And Remote Networks)
  • ARP Cache (Contains IPv4 Addresses to MAC address mapping)
  • Packet Buffer (Temp Storage)
25
Q

What are the 3 permanent storages?

A
  • ROM
  • Flash
  • NVRAM
26
Q

What 3 things does ROM store?

A
  • Bootstrap Instructions
  • Basic Diagnostics
  • Scaled down version of IOS
27
Q

What is Flash Memory for on a Cisco Router?

A

Electrically stored/erased permanent storage for Cisco IOS, the OS is copied to RAM during boot.

28
Q

What is NVRAM used for?

A

Permanent storage for startup config file.

29
Q

What is the Bootup Process for Cisco Router?

A
  1. Performs POST - To Test Hardware
  2. Loading Bootstrap Program - Copied from ROM to RAM, once in RAM, CPU executes instructions.
  3. Locating/Loading IOS - IOS typically stored in Flash, but also stored in TFTP
  4. Locating/Loading Configuration File - Bootstrap searches for startup-config in NVRAM
30
Q

What layers do routers operate?

A

Layers 1, 2, and 3.

31
Q

What does the “show running-config” command do?

A

It is a temporary config that will be removed once router is powered down.

32
Q

When designing a network, documentation should include the following:

A
  • Device Names
  • Interfaces used in the design
  • IP Address and subnet masks
  • Defualt Gateway addresses for end devices
33
Q

What does the “Show startup-config” command do?

A

Displays configuration stored in NVRAM. Configuration that will be used in next reboot.

34
Q

What does the “Show ip route” command do?

A

Command shows routing table IOS is using currently to choose best path.

35
Q

What does the “show interfaces” command do?

A

Displays all the interface configuration parameters and stats.

36
Q

What does the “show ip interface brief” comman do?

A

Shows abbreviated interface configuration information, including IP and interface stats.

37
Q

When should a static route be used?

A
  • When a network consists of few routes.
  • When a network is connected to internet only through single ISP.
  • When a large network is configured in a hub-and-spoke topology.
38
Q

What is a Hub-and-Spoke topology?

A

Central location (hub) and multiple branch locations (spoke).

39
Q

What does a Dynamic Routing Table do?

A
  • Makes best path determination to various networks.
  • Also determines new best path if initial is unusable.
40
Q

What are the 3 Routing Table Principles?

A
  1. Every router makes a decision alone, based on routing table info.
  2. Fact that one router has certain information in its routing table does not mean others have same information.
  3. Routing information about a path from one network to another does not provide routing information about the reverse, or return path.
41
Q

What is Assymentric Routing?

A

Packets can traverse network in one direction, using one path, and return via another path. More common in the internet which uses BGP.

42
Q

Describe IP Packet Format.

A
  • Version (4 bits)
  • TTL (8 bits)
  • Source Address (32 bits)
  • Destination Address (32 bits)
43
Q

Describe Layer Frame Format.

A

As a packet is forwarded from router to router, the Layer 3 source and destination will not change; however, the L2 source and destinatino data link addresses will change.

44
Q

What are the two metrics used by some dynamic routing protocols?

A
  1. Hop Count - Number of routers that a packet must travel.
  2. Bandwidth - Data capacity of link or speed of link.
45
Q

Packet Forwarding involves what 2 functions?

A
  1. Path Determination Function
  2. Switching Function

CIT 22 (2 decks)

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