Chapter 1 Flashcards
Firefighter Guidelines
Be safe
Follow orders
Work as a team
Think!
Golden Rule
Primary Mission of Fire Service
Save Life Property Environment through:
Prevention
Education
Suppression
Rescue Activities
Cultural characteristics of the fire service
Courage
Honor
Duty
Respect
Integrity
Character
Moral courage
NFPA 1582
Standard on Comprehensive Operational Medical Program for Fire Departments.
Roles and Responsibilities
for Fire Fighter I
Don and doff personal protective equipment (PPE) properly.
Hoist hand tools using appropriate ropes and knots.
Understand and correctly apply appropriate communication protocols.
Use self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA).
Respond on apparatus to an emergency scene.
Roles and Responsibilities
for Fire Fighter II
Perform scene size-up.
Determine the need for the incident command system (ICS).
Arrange and coordinate ICS until command is transferred.
Prepare reports.
Communicate the need for assistance.
Community Risk Reduction (CRR)
Includes programs, actions, and services used by a community, which prevent or mitigate the loss of life, property, and resources
Six basic steps of risk reduction
Identify risks.
Prioritize risks.
Develop strategies and tactics to mitigate risks.
Prepare the CRR plan.
Implement the CRR plan.
Monitor, evaluate, and modify the plan.
Five Es of fire prevention
Education
Engineering
Enforcement
Economic incentives
Emergency response
Single-station smoke alarm
Most common residential fire alarm
May be battery-powered, hard-wired, or both
NFPA 72, National Fire Alarm and Signaling Code
Recommends replacing smoke alarms 10 years after the date of manufacture
Ionization alarms
Activated by smaller, invisible products of combustion
React more quickly to fast-burning fires
More susceptible to nuisance alarms from common activities
Photoelectric alarms
Activated by the larger, visible products of combustion
More responsive to slow-burning or smoldering fires
Less prone to false alarms from steam
Governance
Process by which an organization
Regulations
Detailed rules that implement a law passed by a governmental body
Standards
issued by nongovernmental entities
Generally consensus based
Familia Publica
First fire department
Established by Augustus Caesar in 24 B.C.
Composed of slaves stationed around the city
Corps of Vigiles
Established in 60 A.D.
Responsible for firefighting, fire prevention, and building inspections
The Great Chicago Fire
Began October 8, 1871
Burned for 3 days
2000 acres burned
The Peshtigo Fire
Flash forest fire occurred at same time as the Great Chicago Fire
“Tornado of fire” 1000 ft high and 5 miles wide
More than 2400 square miles of forest land burned
More than 1200 dead
Several small communities destroyed
Iroquois Theater Fire
December 30, 1903 in Chicago, Illinois
602 deaths
Worst single building fire in American history
Resulted in changes for theaters, including:
Exit lighting
Automatic sprinklers
Standpipes
Fire alarms
Flame-resistant scenery, props, and curtains
Triangle Shirtwaist Factory Fire
March of 1911 in Manhattan, New York
146 deaths
Precursor for NFPA 101, Life Safety Code
Led to changes such as:
Installation of enclosed stairways and elevators with fireproof shafts
Sprinkler systems in buildings where more than 25 people work above ground level
Escape routes
Outward opening doors that remain unlocked
Cocoanut Grove Fire
Boston, Massachusetts in 1942
492 deaths
Led to changes, including:
Adding nightclubs to the definition of public places
Our Lady of the Angels School Fire
Chicago, Illinois in 1958
95 deaths, including 92 children
Led to changes including the requirements that:
Schools must be equipped with automatic building alarm systems.
A full first alarm response must be made to all school alarms.
Schoolroom occupancy must be limited.
School personnel must be trained in fire safety.
The Station Nightclub Fire
Warwick, Rhode Island in 2003
100 deaths
Led to tentative interim amendments (TIAs) that were later approved for the 2006 Life Safety Code
The MGM Grand Hotel Fire
Las Vegas, Nevada in 1980
85 deaths
Catalyst for Nevada to update fire codes and retrofit fire sprinkler systems
