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The Contemporary World > Chapter 1 > Flashcards

Chapter 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the very important change or the “most important”?

A

Globalization

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2
Q

A swedish journalist who saw globalization as “the process of a world shrinkage, of distance getting shorter, things moving closer.” It pertains the increasing ease with each somebody on the side of the world can interact, to mutual benefits of somebody on the other side of the world.

A

Thomas Larsson

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3
Q

The third president of the TWN in Malaysia, once regarded globalization as colonization.

A

Martin Khor

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4
Q

Globalization means the onset of the borderless world.

A

Example of broad and inclusive type of definition

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5
Q

Definition that is better justified but can be limiting, in the sense that their application can adhere to only one particular definition.

A

Narrow and exclusive

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6
Q

Two definitions of globalization based on literature.

A
  1. broad and inclusive
  2. Narrow and exclusive
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7
Q

Who said that globalization could bring either or both integration or fragmentation

A

Ritzer

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8
Q

Who wrote the definition that suggests the perspective of the author on the origins and the geopolitical implications of globalization.

A

Al-Rhodan

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9
Q

Who said that globalization is a debate and a debate is a globalization. One become part and parcel of the other.

A

Cesare Poppi

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10
Q

Ritzer said on what article that “attitude towards globalization depends on the other thing whether one gains or loses it.

A

The Globalization of Nothing

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11
Q

It refers to the barriers that prevent or make difficult the movement of things.

A

Solidity

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12
Q

Example of Man-made barrier.

A

Great wall of china and berlinwall

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13
Q

Example of modern man made

A

Nine-dash line

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14
Q

It refers to the increasing ease of movement of people, things, information, and place in the contemporary world.

A

Liquidity

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15
Q

Who have much to say about the characteristics of liquid?

A

Zygmunt Bauman

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16
Q

What are the crucial elements of globalization?

A

Time and space

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17
Q

Another characteristics of liquid phenomenon

A

Their movement is difficult to stop

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18
Q

Important characteristic of liquid

A

Tends to melt whatever stands in its path(especially solid)”

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19
Q

What are the two that in constant interaction.

A

Solid and Liquid

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20
Q

What is the one increasing and proliferating today?

A

Liquid

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21
Q

What is the metaphor that could best describe the Globalization?

A

Liquidity

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22
Q

The literature in globalization makes use of the concept of what?

A

Flows

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23
Q

Movement of people, things, places, and information brought by the growing “porosity” of global limitations.

A

Flows

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24
Q

Give an example of other kinds of flow that can be observed today:

A
  • poor illegal migrants flooding many parts of the world
  • the virtual flow of legal and illegal information such as blogs and child pornography
  • respectively
  • immigrants recreating ethnic enclaves in host countries
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25
Q

It refers to the increasing sameness in the world as cultural inputs, economic factors, and political orientations of societies expand to create common practices, same economies and similar forms of government.

A

Homogeneity

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26
Q

Homogeneity in culture is often link to what?
This means that a given culture influences other cultures.

A

Cultural Imperialism

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27
Q

What is the product of Homogeneity in economic globalization?

A

Global economic crises

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28
Q

This means only one political orientation is growing in today’s society.

A

McWorld

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29
Q

It is often characterized as media imperialism.

A

Global flow of media

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30
Q

Undermines the existence of the alternative global media originating from developing countries.

A

Media imperialism

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31
Q

This can be seen as an arena for alternative media.

A

Internet

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32
Q

This denies the agency of viewers, but people around world often interpret the same medium (e.g., movie) in significantly different ways.

A

Cultural Imperialism

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33
Q

It was dominated by a small number of large corporations.

A

Global media

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34
Q

Who said “extended from old media to new media”
What are these composition of new media:

A

McChesney
Facebook, Microsoft, google, Twitter, Apple’s iTune

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35
Q

What helps to counter the trend of internet that could end up being less diverse competitive, and associated with the alter-globalization. It disseminats information to facilitate global participation of activist.

A

Independent Media Center

36
Q

What did Haktivist do to extend activism to the internet to promote a particular cause?

A

by hacking into computer programs

37
Q

It is the process by which Western society are dominated by the principles of fast food restaurants.

A

McDonaldization

38
Q

McDonaldization involves the global spread of rational system:

A

efficiency, calculability, predictability, and control

39
Q

Globalization can aslo be seen as a flow of “_____” as opposed to “______”, involving the spread of non-places, non-things, non-people, and non services.

A

Nothing to something

40
Q

It pertains the creation of various cultural practices, new economies, and political groups because of the interaction of elements from different societies in the world.

A

Heterogeneity

41
Q

Heterogeneity in culture is associated with _____.

A

Cultural Hybridization

42
Q

Global forces interact with local factors or a specific geographic area, the glocal is being produced.

A

Glocalization

43
Q

The alternate of McWorld. It refers to the political groups that are engaged in an “intensification of nationalism and that leads to greater political Heterogeneity through out the world.

A

Jihad

44
Q

Emphasis the fact that cultures are essentially different and are only superficially affected by global flows.

A

Cultural Differentialism

45
Q

The interaction of cultures is

A

catastrophic collision

46
Q

Samuel Huntington’s Theory

A

The clash of civilizations

47
Q

Emphasis the integration of local and global cultures.

A

Cultural hybridization

48
Q

This pproach stresses homogeneity introduced by globalization.

A

Cultural Convergence

49
Q

One important critique of cultural imperialism.

A

John Tomlinson’s idea of “deterritorialization” of culture

50
Q

This means that it is much more difficult to the culture to a specific geographic point of origin.

A

Deterritorialization

51
Q

Global flows involved people, technology, finance, political images, and media and the disjuncture between them, which lead to the creation of cultural hybrids.

A

Arjun Appadurai’s “Scape”

52
Q

Religionist rely on the dissemination of their religious ideas.

A

IT, transportation means, media

53
Q

Muslims aspire to establish this community of believers.

A

Islamic Ummah

54
Q

He approved the idea of de-hybridizing effects of religion. Maintains that such de-hybridizing upshots spring also from the religious partitioning and clashes.

A

Samuel Huntington’s clash of civilizations

55
Q

It reveals that majority of European consider that globalization brings negative effects to their societies.

A

Financial Times

56
Q

This can counter the threats of an “ungoverned globalization”, it refers to “all attempts to make globalization more palatable to citizen”.

A

Managed globalization

57
Q

Regional developments in one part of the world have affected the fueled regionalization everywhere else in a sort of what?

A

Contagion or Domino Effect

58
Q

What are the four aspects of globalization?

A

trade, missionary work, adventures and conquest

59
Q

The difference of this view from the second view.

A

Cycles

60
Q

Epochs of globalization is also called what.

A

Waves

61
Q

What are the sequential occurrence of the epochs?

A
  1. Globalization of religion
  2. European colonial conquest
  3. Intra-European wars
  4. Heyday of European imperialism
  5. Post-World War 11 period
  6. Post-Cold War period
62
Q

It considered the rampage of the armies of Genghis Khan into Eastern Europe.

A

Economist

63
Q

What are the three notable changes the origin of globalization today:

A
  1. The emergence of the United States as the global power (Post-World War)
  2. The emergence of multinational corporations (MNCs)
  3. The demise of the Soviet Union and the end of the Cold War
64
Q

This paved way to so called __________ where many global process spread through the world.

A

Free world

65
Q

Becoming major force in global capitalism.

A

China

66
Q

It is a singular historical period during which mortality and fertility rates decline from high to low levels in a particular country or region.

A

Demographic transition

67
Q

Urges of people toward a better life:

A

Commerce, religion, politics, warfare

68
Q

A great increase in dependency ratio was caused by what?

A
  • the decline in infant and child mortality
  • high levels of fertility
69
Q

Dependency ratio started to disappear because of what?

A

the decline in global birth rate

70
Q

What cause a rise in dependency ratio?

A

the aging of populations

71
Q

Categories of Migrants

A

Vagabonds and tourist

72
Q

“Because they have to be”

A

Vagabonds

73
Q

“Because that want to be and they can afford it”

A

Tourists

74
Q

Refugees who seek to remain in the country to which they flee.

A

Asylum seekers

75
Q

Who said that those who migrate to find work are involved in labor migration.

A

Kritz

76
Q

Labor migration is driven by what factors

A

push factors and pull factors

77
Q

Difference between push and pull factors

A

push is lack of employment opportunities in home countries; pull is work available elsewhere

78
Q

Who said that the state may seek to control migration because it involves the loss of part of the workforce.

A

Shamir

79
Q

Examples of push factors that governs the migration: how about pull factors?

A
  • political persecution, economic depression, war, and famine in home country
  • favorable immigration policy, a labor shortage, and a similarity of language and culture in the country of destination
80
Q

Countries that face illegal immigration

A

US, Great Britain, Switzerland, and Greece

81
Q

Based on him, the Philippines is one of the leaders when it comes to the flow of remittances, next to India and China.

A

Malkin

82
Q

Used to describe migrant communities.

A

Diaspora

83
Q

Utilize technology such as internet to maintain the community network.

A

Virtual Diaporas

84
Q

Types of Globalization

A

Political, Cultural, Economic, Financial, Sociological, Technological, Geographical, Ecological

85
Q

Why state control the migration?

A
  • it involves the loss of part of the workforce
  • influx of migrants can lead to conflicts with local residents
  • concerns about terrorism to restrict population grows
86
Q

What are the perspective of global cultural flow?

A

Differentialism, Hybridization, Convergence

The Contemporary World (2 decks)

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