Chapter 1

Question 1

What is Generalization?

Answer 1

identifying general rules that govern behavior

Question 2

What is reductionism?

Answer 2

identifying simple causes of complex behaviors

Question 3

The research efforts of behavioral neuroscientists should focus on

Answer 3

reduction and generalization.

Question 4

What is Dualism?

Answer 4

The idea that the mind and body are separate and made up of different matter.

Question 5

Experimental ablations were first performed by…

Answer 5

Flourens

Question 6

Aristole believed…

Answer 6

the body was controlled by the heart.

Question 7

What is Functionalism in Psychology (Darwin’s Theory)?

Answer 7

A belief that characteristics of living organisms perform useful functions.

Question 8

What did Darwin’s theory emphasize?

Answer 8

that all of an organism’s characteristics—its structure, its coloration, its behavior—have functional significance.

Question 9

What is Natural Selection?

Answer 9

The process by which inherited traits that confer a selective advantage ( increase an animal’s likelihood to live and reproduce) become more prevalent in the population

Question 10

Mutations are always accidental changes in…

Answer 10

Chromosomes of sperm and eggs.

Question 11

Neoteny refers to…

Answer 11

Slow brain maturation after birth

Question 12

A human brain reaches adult size during…

Answer 12

Adolescence

Question 13

Any time humans use another species of animal for their own purposes, they should make sure their activities are

Answer 13

Humane and Worthwhile

Question 14

IACUC stands for…

Answer 14

Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee.

Question 15

IRB stands for…

Answer 15

Institutional Review Board

Question 16

IRB is where…

Answer 16

Research with human participants is overseen by the IRB.

Question 17

Ethics and science should be…

Answer 17

integrated at all levels of education.

Question 18

Which is an example of functionalism?

Answer 18

Some songbirds have highly developed brain structures which allow them to learn and produce songs.

Question 19

__________ occurs when a particular characteristic allows an organism to be more reproductively successful, causing that characteristic to become more prevalent in that species.

Answer 19

Natural selection

Question 20

Which statement is correct regarding mutations?

Answer 20

They are always accidental changes in chromosomes of sperm or eggs.

Question 21

Neoteny refers to:

Answer 21

slow brain maturation after birth.

Question 22

In humans, the brain reaches adult size by:

Answer 22

adolescence.