Chapter 1 Flashcards
What is Generalization?
identifying general rules that govern behavior
What is reductionism?
identifying simple causes of complex behaviors
The research efforts of behavioral neuroscientists should focus on
reduction and generalization.
What is Dualism?
The idea that the mind and body are separate and made up of different matter.
Experimental ablations were first performed by…
Flourens
Aristole believed…
the body was controlled by the heart.
What is Functionalism in Psychology (Darwin’s Theory)?
A belief that characteristics of living organisms perform useful functions.
What did Darwin’s theory emphasize?
that all of an organism’s characteristics—its structure, its coloration, its behavior—have functional significance.
What is Natural Selection?
The process by which inherited traits that confer a selective advantage ( increase an animal’s likelihood to live and reproduce) become more prevalent in the population
Mutations are always accidental changes in…
Chromosomes of sperm and eggs.
Neoteny refers to…
Slow brain maturation after birth
A human brain reaches adult size during…
Adolescence
Any time humans use another species of animal for their own purposes, they should make sure their activities are
Humane and Worthwhile
IACUC stands for…
Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee.
IRB stands for…
Institutional Review Board
IRB is where…
Research with human participants is overseen by the IRB.
Ethics and science should be…
integrated at all levels of education.
Which is an example of functionalism?
Some songbirds have highly developed brain structures which allow them to learn and produce songs.
__________ occurs when a particular characteristic allows an organism to be more reproductively successful, causing that characteristic to become more prevalent in that species.
Natural selection
Which statement is correct regarding mutations?
They are always accidental changes in chromosomes of sperm or eggs.
Neoteny refers to:
slow brain maturation after birth.
In humans, the brain reaches adult size by:
adolescence.
