Chapter 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What is Generalization?

A

identifying general rules that govern behavior

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2
Q

What is reductionism?

A

identifying simple causes of complex behaviors

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3
Q

The research efforts of behavioral neuroscientists should focus on

A

reduction and generalization.

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4
Q

What is Dualism?

A

The idea that the mind and body are separate and made up of different matter.

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5
Q

Experimental ablations were first performed by…

A

Flourens

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6
Q

Aristole believed…

A

the body was controlled by the heart.

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7
Q

What is Functionalism in Psychology (Darwin’s Theory)?

A

A belief that characteristics of living organisms perform useful functions.

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8
Q

What did Darwin’s theory emphasize?

A

that all of an organism’s characteristics—its structure, its coloration, its behavior—have functional significance.

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9
Q

What is Natural Selection?

A

The process by which inherited traits that confer a selective advantage ( increase an animal’s likelihood to live and reproduce) become more prevalent in the population

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10
Q

Mutations are always accidental changes in…

A

Chromosomes of sperm and eggs.

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11
Q

Neoteny refers to…

A

Slow brain maturation after birth

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12
Q

A human brain reaches adult size during…

A

Adolescence

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13
Q

Any time humans use another species of animal for their own purposes, they should make sure their activities are

A

Humane and Worthwhile

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14
Q

IACUC stands for…

A

Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee.

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15
Q

IRB stands for…

A

Institutional Review Board

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16
Q

IRB is where…

A

Research with human participants is overseen by the IRB.

17
Q

Ethics and science should be…

A

integrated at all levels of education.

18
Q

Which is an example of functionalism?

A

Some songbirds have highly developed brain structures which allow them to learn and produce songs.

19
Q

__________ occurs when a particular characteristic allows an organism to be more reproductively successful, causing that characteristic to become more prevalent in that species.

A

Natural selection

20
Q

Which statement is correct regarding mutations?

A

They are always accidental changes in chromosomes of sperm or eggs.

21
Q

Neoteny refers to:

A

slow brain maturation after birth.

22
Q

In humans, the brain reaches adult size by:

A

adolescence.

23
Q
A