Chapter 1 Flashcards
What is SDLC?
The systems development life cycle (SDLC) is the process of understanding how an information system (IS) can support business needs by designing a system, building it, and delivering it to users.
What is a systems analyst?
The key person in the SDLC is the systems analyst, who analyzes the business situation, identifies opportunities for improvements, and designs an information system to implement them.
What are the 4 fundamental phases of SDLC?
planning, analysis, design, and implementation
What is the planning phase?
The planning phase is the fundamental process of understanding why an information system should be built and determining how the project team will go about building it.
What is project initiation?
Identifying the system’s business value to the organization
What is a system request?
A system request presents a brief summary of a business need, and it explains how a system that supports the need will create business value.
Feasibility analysis
The feasibility analysis examines key aspects of the proposed project:
The idea’s technical feasibility (Can we build it?)
The economic feasibility (Will it provide business value?)
The organizational feasibility (If we build it, will it be used?)
What is project management?
During project management, the project manager creates a workplan, staffs the project, and puts techniques in place to help the project team control and direct the project through the entire SDLC.
What is a project plan
The deliverable for project management is a project plan, which describes how the project team will go about developing the system.
2 steps of planning
project initiation and project management
What is the analysis phase?
The analysis phase answers the questions of who will use the system, what the system will do, and where and when it will be used. During this phase, the project team investigates any current system(s), identifies opportunities for improvement, and develops a concept for the new system.
3 steps of analysis
analysis strategy, requirements gathering, system proposal
What is analysis strategy?
An analysis strategy is developed to guide the project team’s efforts. Such a strategy usually includes an analysis of the current system (called the as-is system) and its problems and then ways to design a new system (called the to-be system).
What is requirements gathering?
interviews or questionnaires
What are business analysis models?
describe how the business will operate if the new system is developed. The set of models typically includes models that represent the data and processes necessary to support the underlying business process.
What is a system proposal?
The analyses, system concept, and models are combined into a document called the system proposal, which is presented to the project sponsor and other key decision makers (e.g., members of the approval committee) who decide whether the project should continue to move forward.
What is the design phase?
The design phase decides how the system will operate, in terms of the hardware, software, and network infrastructure; the user interface, forms and reports; and the specific programs, databases, and files that will be needed.
What steps are in the design phase?
Design strategy, architecture design, database and file specifications, and program design.
What is design strategy?
It clarifies whether the system will be developed by the company’s own programmers, whether the system will be outsourced to another firm (usually a consulting firm), or whether the company will buy an existing software package.
What is architecture design?
Describes the hardware, software, and network infrastructure to be used.
What is interface design?
specifies how the users will move through the system (e.g., navigation methods such as menus and on-screen buttons) and the forms and reports that the system will use.
What are database and file specifications?
These define exactly what data will be stored and where they will be stored.
What is program design?
defines the programs that need to be written and exactly what each program will do
What is system specification?
This collection of deliverables (architecture design, interface design, database and file specifications, and program design) is the system specification that is handed to the programming team for implementation.
