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anaphy > Chapter 1 > Flashcards

Chapter 1 Flashcards

1
Q

investigates body structure
and the term means to dissect

A

Anatomy

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2
Q

investigates processes and functions

A

physiology

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3
Q

(Types of Physiology) : studies body organ-systems

A

systemic physiology

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4
Q

(Types of Physiology) : studies body cells

A

cellular physiology

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5
Q

(Types of Anatomy) : studies body organ-systems

A

systemic anatomy

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6
Q

(Types of Anatomy) : studies body regions (medical schools)

A

regional anatomy

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7
Q

(Types of Anatomy) : studies external features, for example, bone
projections

A

surface anatomy

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8
Q

six level of structural and functional organizatio

A

Chemical - Cellular - Tissue - Organ - Organ System - Organism

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9
Q

(Types of Anatomy) : using technologies (x-rays, ultrasound, MRI)

A

Anatomical imaging

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10
Q

(Types of Physiology) : studies the human organism

A

human physiology

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11
Q

smallest level
of organization. it includes atoms, chemical bonds, molecules

A

chemical organization

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12
Q

basic unit of matter

A

atom

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13
Q

basic unit of life

A

cell

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14
Q

group of cells with similar structure and function plus extracellular substances they release

A

tissues

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15
Q

two or more tissue types acting together to perform function(s)

A

organs

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16
Q

group of organs contributing to some function

A

organ-system

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17
Q

all organ systems working together

A

organisms

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18
Q

functional interrelationships between parts

A

organization

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19
Q

sum of all chemical and physical changes sustaining an organism. the ability to acquire and use energy in support of these
changes

A

metabolism

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20
Q

ability to sense and respond to environmental changes. it includes both internal and external environments

A

responsiveness

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21
Q

ability to increase in size

A

growth

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22
Q

changes in form and size. changes in cell structure and function from
generalized to specialized—differentiation.

A

development

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23
Q

formation of new cells or new organisms ; generation of new individuals
; tissue repair

A

reproduction

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24
Q

maintenance of constant internal environment despite
fluctuations in the external or internal environment

A

homeostasis

25
Q

_____________ is the main mechanism used
homeostatic regulation.

A

Negative feedback

26
Q

(components of feedback) : detects changes in variable

A

Receptor

27
Q

(components of feedback) : receives receptor signal
; establishes set point
; sends signal to effector

A

control center

28
Q

(components of feedback) : directly causes change in variable

A

Effector

29
Q

________________ mechanisms occur when the initial stimulus further stimulates the response

A

Positive feedback

30
Q

person standing erect with
face and palms forward ; all relational descriptions
based on the anatomical
position, regardless of
body orientation

A

Anatomical position

31
Q

(directional terms) : above

A

superior

32
Q

(directional terms) : below

A

inferior

33
Q

(directional terms) : front

A

anterior / ventral

34
Q

(directional terms) : back

A

posterior / dorsal

35
Q

(directional terms) : close to midline

A

medial

36
Q

(directional terms) : away from midline

A

lateral

37
Q

close to point of
attachment

A

proximal

38
Q

far from point of
attachment

A

distal

39
Q

structure close to the surface

A

superficial

40
Q

structure toward the
inferior of the body

A

deep

41
Q

separates the body into right and left parts

A

Sagittal plane

42
Q

a sagittal plane
along the midline that divides body into equal left and right halves

A

Median plane

43
Q

a horizontal
plane that separates the body into superior and inferior parts.

A

Transverse plane

44
Q

a vertical plane that separates the body into anterior
and posterior parts.

A

Frontal plane

45
Q

body region in upper arm, forearm, wrist, hand

A

upper limb

46
Q

body region in thigh, lower leg, ankle, foot

A

lower limb

47
Q

body region in head, neck, trunk

A

central region

48
Q

space within chest wall
and diaphragm ; contains heart, lungs,
thymus gland,
esophagus, trachea

A

thoracic cavity

49
Q

space between lungs ; contains heart, thymus
gland, esophagus,
trachea

A

mediastinum

50
Q

between diaphragm and pelvis ; contains stomach,
intestines, liver, spleen,
pancreas, kidneys

A

abdominal cavity

51
Q

space within pelvis ; contains urinary bladder,
reproductive organs,
part of large intestine

A

Pelvic cavity

52
Q

Line trunk cavities, cover organs

A

serous membrane

53
Q

membrane that covers organs

A

visceral serous membrane

54
Q

outer membrane

A

parietal serous membrane

55
Q

a fluid-filled space between the membranes

A

cavity

56
Q

membrane around heart

A

Pericardium

57
Q

membrane around lungs

A

pleura

58
Q

membrane around abdominopelvic cavity and its organs

A

peritoneum

anaphy (2 decks)

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