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AP HUMAN GEOGRAPHY > Chapter 1 > Flashcards

Chapter 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

Cartography

A

The science of map making

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2
Q

Equator

A

0 degrees latitude

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3
Q

GIS

A

Geographic Information System: A computer system that captures, stores, queries, analyzes, and displays geographic data. Can be used to produce maps that are more accurate and attractive than those drawn by hands

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4
Q

GPS

A

Global Positioning System: The system that accurately determines the precise position of something on Earth

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5
Q

International Date Line

A

Follows 180degrees longitude. If you head east, the time goes back 24 hours. If you head west, the clock goes up 24 hours

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6
Q

Latitude

A

The numbering system that indicates the location of the parallels.

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7
Q

Longitude

A

A numbering system that stretches to the poles. Helps identify the location of meridians.

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8
Q

Map Scale

A

The level of detail and the amount of area covered on a map

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9
Q

Mercator Projection

A

A map that has very little distortion in shape, a consistent direction, and a rectangular map. The only disadvantage is the distorted scaling on the poles

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10
Q

Prime Meridian

A

The meridian that passes through Greenwich England which is at 0 degrees longitude

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11
Q

Projection

A

The scientific method of transferring locations on Earth’s surface to a flat map

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12
Q

Remote Sensing

A

The acquisition of data about earths surface from a satellite orbiting earth or from other long-distance methods

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13
Q

Robinson Projection

A

useful for displaying information across oceans. Its disadvantage is is that the land areas are much smaller due to the increased size of the ocean. (Oval Shaped map)

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14
Q

Time Zones

A

The time of each area on a map, there are 24 timezones, some include: PCT, UT, EST,

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15
Q

Region

A

An area of Earth defined by one or more distinctive characteristics

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16
Q

Culture

A

The body of customary belief, material traits, and social forms that together constitute the distinct tradition of traditions of a group of people

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17
Q

Cultural Landscape

A

A combination of cultural features such as language and religion, economic features and industry, and physical characteristics such as climate and vegetation.

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18
Q

Formal Region

A

An area within which everyone shares a common one or more distinctive characteristics

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19
Q

Functional Region

A

Nodal region: an area organized around a node or focal point.

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20
Q

Location

A

The position that something occupies on earths surface

21
Q

Place

A

A specific point on Earth distinguish by a particular characteristic

22
Q

Site

A

The physical characteristic of a place

23
Q

Situation

A

The location of a place relative to other places

24
Q

Spatial Association

A

locations and values of samples or observations vary across space

25
Q

Toponym

A

A name given to a place on earth

26
Q

Vernacular Region

A

perceptual region: an area that people believe exists as a part of their cultural identity. Also known as a mental map.

27
Q

Connection

A

refers to relationships among people and objects across the barrier of space

28
Q

Concentration

A

the extent of a features spread over space is its concentration

29
Q

Contagious Diffusion

A

the rapid, widespread diffusion of a characteristic throughout the population

30
Q

Density

A

The number of things in a certain area

31
Q

Diffusion

A

the process by which a characteristic spreads across space from on place to another over time

32
Q

Distance Decay

A

contact diminishes with increasing

33
Q

Distribution

A

the arrangement of a feature in space

34
Q

Expansion Diffusion

A

The spread of a feature from one place to another in an additive process

35
Q

Globalization

A

A force or process that involves the entire world and results in making something worldwide in scope

36
Q

Hearth

A

a place from which an innovation originates

37
Q

Hierarchial Diffusion

A

The spread of an idea through persons or nodes of authority or power to one persons or places.

38
Q

Pattern

A

third property of distribution: The geometrical arrangement of objects in space.

39
Q

Relocation Diffusion

A

The spread of an idea through physical movement of people from one place to another

40
Q

Uneven Development

A

The increasing gap in economic conditions between regions in the core and periphery that results from the globalization of the economy

40
Q

Scale

A

the relationship between the portion of the earth being studied and the earth as a whole

40
Q

Space

A

refers to the physical gap or interval between two objects

40
Q

Stimulus Diffusion

A

The spread of an underlying principle even though a characteristic itself apparently fails to diffuse.

41
Q

Map

A

A two dimensional or flat-scale model of earths surface, or a portion of it

42
Q

Meridian

A

An arch drawn between the North and South poles

43
Q

Parallel

A

A circle drawn around the glove parallel to the equator and at right angles to the meridians.

44
Q

Greenwich Mean Time (GMT)

A

Also known as Universal Time (UT) which is also the time at the prime meridian, is the master reference of time for all points on earth

45
Q

Geographic Information Science (GIScience)

A

Involves the development and analysis of data about earth acquired through satellite and other electronic information technologies

AP HUMAN GEOGRAPHY (1 decks)

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