Chapter 1 Flashcards
A tool that translates a high-level language program into a separate machine language program
compiler
Set of instructions that a computer follows to perform a task
program
The physical devices that a computer is made of are referred to as
hardware
The part of a computer that runs programs is called
the CPU
Today, CPUs are small chips known as
microprocessors
The computer stores a program while the program is running, as well as the data that the program is working with, in the
main memory
Computers can only execute programs that are written in
machine language
This translates an assembly language program to a machine language program
assembler
The words that make up a high-level programming language are called
keywords
The rules that must be followed when writing a program are called
syntax
True or False
Today, CPUs are huge devices made of electrical and mechanical components such as vacuum tubes and switches
false
True or False
Main memory is also known as RAM
true
True or False
Any piece of data that is stored in a computers memory must be stored as a binary number
true
True or False
Images, like the ones created with your digital camera, cannot be stored as binary numbers
false
True or False
Machine language is the only language that a CPU understands
true
True of False
Assembly language is considered a high-level language
false
True of False
An interpreter is a program that both translates and executes the instructions in a high-level language
true
True or False
A syntax error does not prevent a program from being compiled and executed
false
True or False
Windows, Linux, Android, IOS, and macOS are all examples of application software
false
True or False
Word processing programs, spreadsheet programs, email programs, web browsers, and games are all examples of utility programs
true
Volatile type of memory that is used for temporary storage while a program is running
RAM
A type of memory that can hold data for long periods of time, even when there is no power to the computer, is called
secondary storage
A component that collects data from people or other devices and sends it to the computer is called
an input device
A video display is a(n) device
input
A blank is enough memory to store a letter of the alphabet or a small number
byte
A byte is made up of eight
bits
In this numbering system, all numeric values are written as a sequence of 0s and 1s
binary
A bit that is turned off represents the following value:
0
A set of 128 numeric codes that represent the English letters, various punctuation marks, and other characters is
ASCII
An extensive encoding scheme that can represent characters for many languages in the world is
Unicode
Negative numbers are encoded using this technique
twos complement
Real numbers are encoded using this technique
floating point
The tiny dots of color that digital images are composed of are called
pixels
If you were to look at a machine language program, you would see
a stream of binary numbers
In the part of the fetch-decode-execute cycle, the CPU determines which operation it should perform
decode
