chapter 1 Flashcards
what is the sociological perspective from C.Wright Mills (1959)?
He illustrated this idea using the great depression of the1930s
What is sociology?
The systematic study of human society
What is society?
People who live in a defined territory and share a culture
Sociological perspective?
The special point of view of sociology that sees general patterns of society in the lives of particular people/ seeing the general in the particular( Berger,1963)
What is The Latin phrase behind Manufacturing?
To make by hand
What were three kinds of changes especially important in the development of sociology?
- Rise of factory-based economy
2.explosive growth of cities
3.New ideas of democracy and political rights
What two Centuries were big centuries of the development of sociology
Eighteenth and Nineteenth
What is the definition of Global perspective?
The study of the larger world and our place in it
What is enclosure movement?
Landowners in Europe fence off more and more land to create grazing area for sheep
As cities grew larger, what social problems did urban migrants face?
Pollution, Crime, Homelessness
Who was the french social thinker(1798-1857)
Auguste comte
Who coined the term sociology?
Auguste Comte (1838)
what was Auguste comte approach?
Positivism
What is the metaphysical stage?
People come to see society as natural rather than a supernatural phenomenon (15 centuries)
What is the Theological stage?
People took the religious views that society expressed gods will(0-European middles age about 1350ce)
(Auguste comte)3 Stages of historical development?
- Theological stage
- Metaphysical stage
- Scientific stage
What is Positivism?
A scientific approach to knowledge based on “Positive” facts as opposed to mere speculation
What is theory?
A statement of how and why specific facts are related
What is a Theoretical approach?
Is a basic image of society that guides thinking and research
What are the three theoretical approaches sociologists use?
- Structural -Functional approach
- Social conflict approach
- Symbolic- Interaction approach
What is structural- functional approach?
A framework for building theory that sees society as a complex system whose parts work together to promote solidarity and stability
What is social structure?
Any relatively stable pattern of social behavior
What is Social functions?
The consequences of social pattern for the operation of society as a whole
What is manifest functions?
The recognized and intended consequences of any social pattern
What is Latent Functions?
The unrecognized and unintended consequences of any social pattern.
What US Sociologist distinguished between manifest functions and latent functions?
Robert K. Merton(1910-2003)
Social dysfunction?
Any social pattern that may disrupt the operation of society
what is Social conflict approach?
A framework for building theory that sees society as an arena of inequality that generates conflict and change
