Chapter 1 Flashcards
It is the tiny building block of all matters. It comes from the Greek word “Atomos” which means “Not Divisible”.
Atom
Are formed when atoms react with one another
Chemical Compounds
It is the smallest part of a compound that can exist independently
Molecule
It is the central part of the atom which was also discovered in 1911
Nucleus
It is the particles found inside the protons and neutrons and was discovered in 1958
Quarks
It is a positive ion
Cation
It is a negative ion
Anion
It is an atom with a net charge
Ion
Materials that allows electrons to easily pass through it
ex. Copper, Silver, Gold, Aluminum, Mercury, Steel, Iron. Its Valence electron is always less than 4
Conductors
Materials that do not allow electrons to easily pass through it
- ex. Nitrogen, Glass, Porcelain, Plastic, Rubber.
Its valence electron is always greater than 4
Insulator
- A material that is neither a good conductor or a good insulator.
- Its Valence electrons is always equals to 4
Semiconductor
This material is created by adding elements with five valence electrons
n - Type Material
A semiconductor material that has been subjected to the doping process is called _________
Extrinsic Material
It is a process of adding impurities to intrinsic semiconductors to alter their properties
Doping
This materials are created by adding atoms with three valence electrons
p -Type Materials
He is a chemist/physicist and the Founder of Modern Atomic Theory
John Dalton
He discovered “Electron” on April 30, 1897
Joseph Thomson
He is the Father of Nuclear Physicist, he discovered proton in 1919
Ernest Rutherford
He discovered “neutron” in 1932
James Chadwick
He developed the Bohr model of the atom
Niels Bohr
He is the founder of the first integrated circuit and the and co-inventor of the electronic handheld calculator.
Jack Kilby
Semiconductors fell into two classes which is the ______ and the _______?
Single Crystal and Compound
The three semiconductors used most in the construction of electronic devices are?
- Ge (Germanium),
- Si (Silicon)
- GaAs (Gallium Arsenide)
Atoms with four valence electrons
Tetravalent
Atoms with three valence electrons
Trivalent
Atoms with five valence electrons
Pentavalent
It is the bonding of atoms strengthened by the sharing of electrons
Covalent Bonding
The farther an electron is from the nucleus, the _____ is the energy state
Higher
The majority carriers in n-type materials are?
Electrons
The majority carries in p-type materials are?
Hole
The minority carriers in n-type materials are?
Holes
The minority carriers in p-type materials are?
Electrons
