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Human Anatomy and Physiology Lecture 1 > Chapter 1 > Flashcards

Chapter 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What type of anatomy considers large structure in the brain?

A

Gross Anatomy

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2
Q

What type of anatomy can deal with structures in a small scale?

A

Microscopic Anatomy

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3
Q

What levels are in the structural organization of the human body?

A

Organism, Organ System, Tissue, Cellular, and Chemical Levels

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4
Q

Organs that work together are grouped into what?

A

Organ Systems

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5
Q

What is the main role of the integumentary system?

A

Closes internal body structure and is the outside tissue of the body

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6
Q

What is the main role of the skeletal system?

A

Supports the body and enables movement with the muscular system

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7
Q

What is the main role of the muscular system?

A

Enables movement with the skeletal system and maintains body temp

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8
Q

What is the main role of the nervous system?

A

Detects and process sensory info and activated body responses

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9
Q

Function of human life:
Organization

A

Necessary for everything to work

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10
Q

Function of human life:
Metabolism

A

Energy dynamics

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11
Q

Function of human life:
Responsiveness

A

Changes in response environment

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12
Q

Function of human life:
Movement

A

Respond to environment

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13
Q

Function of human life:
Development

A

Grow and change

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14
Q

Function of human life:
Reproduction

A

Generate new life

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15
Q

What type of metabolic reaction builds and consumes energy? What is another word to call it?

A

Anabolic
Synthesis

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16
Q

What type of metabolic reaction breaks materials down and releases energy? What is another word to call it?

A

Catabolic
Breakdown

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17
Q

What is Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP)?

A

The energy molecule for cellular energy

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18
Q

What is differentiation?

A

A process where cells become specialized in structure and function

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19
Q

What are the requirements for human life?

A

Oxygen, Nutrients, Narrow Range of atmospheric pressure, and narrow range of temp

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20
Q

What is hypothermia?

A

low body temp

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21
Q

What is the purpose of the negative feedback loop?

A

To reverse the stimulus that is increased

22
Q

What is homeostasis?

A

A set point which the body wants to maintain

23
Q

What is positive feedback loop?

A

To force the body to go beyond something that you do normally want to do

24
Q

Prone

A

Face down

25
Q

Supine

A

Face up

26
Q

What does the ventral cavity include?

A

Thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities

27
Q

What does the dorsal cavity include?

A

Cranial and spinal cavities

28
Q

What is serous membranes?

A

Cover the walls and organs in thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities.

29
Q

What does pleura surround?

A

Lungs

30
Q

What does peritoneum surround?

A

Abdominopelvic cavity

31
Q

What does pericardium surround?

A

Heart

32
Q

What type of images can x-ray’s show?

A

Static 2D images

33
Q

Computed tomography (CT)

A

Cross-sectional x-ray to show tissue abnormalities

34
Q

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

A

Magnetic fields to measure radio waves emitted by tissue (Safer route)

35
Q

What does fMRI detect?

A

Blood flow

36
Q

Positron emission tomography

A

Measure metabolism and blood flow in dynamic images

37
Q

Ultrasonography

A

Real-time image

38
Q

You burn your finger while reheating your week-old pizza. You snatch your finger away, blowing on it while you say socially unacceptable things. You were able to react to the pain because of your ____________ system.

A

Nervous system

39
Q

The body system responsible for structural support and movement is the ________.

A

Skeletel system

40
Q

The organ system that secretes hormones to regulates body processes is the _________.

A

Endocrine system

41
Q

A collection of similar tissues that performs a specific function is an ________.

A

Organ

42
Q

The system that interacts with the muscular system to create movement is the _____________system.

A

Skeletel system

43
Q

Humans have the most urgent need for a continuous supply of ________.

A

Oxygen

44
Q

When adenosine diphosphate (ADP) binds an additional phosphate group to create adenosine triphosphate (ATP), this type of reaction is considered ___________.

A

Anabolic

45
Q

We defined hypothermia as abnormally low body temperature. Which of the following terms best describes abnormally HIGH body temperature?

A

Hyperthermia

46
Q

If you get stuck in a car during a bitterly cold blizzard your body responds to the cold by ________.

A

involuntarily contracting skeletal muscles (i.e. shivering) to produce thermal energy

47
Q

Which of the following is a reason why humans require a narrow range of atmospheric pressure?

A

to maintain gases (oxygen, carbon dioxide, and nitrogen) dissolved in your blood.

48
Q

Which of the following is an example of a SENSORY in an negative feedback loop.

A

Nerve cells in the skin

49
Q

A negative feedback loop functions to return a system back to the homeostatic setpoint.
True or False

A

True

50
Q

Hot dogs are delicious. Your brother ask to share your hot dog so you cut it down the center to create two long, thin halves and hand your brother the right side. He gives you a look and ask why you cut it that way. You tell him, “in A&P this is called the ________________ plane.”

He thinks you are ridiculous and walks away leaving both halves for you to eat. You win. Anatomy wins.

A

Midsagittal

51
Q

The lumbar region is ________.
superior to the popliteal region
inferior to the gluteal region
inferior to the umbilical region
superior to the cervical region

A

superior to the popliteal region

52
Q

What is not a component of a negative feedback loop?

A

Responder

Human Anatomy and Physiology Lecture 1 (1 decks)

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