Chapter 1 Flashcards
Building blocks of matter
Atoms
Made of the same kind of atom
Element
Made up of two or more different kinds of elements
Compound
Can be observed without changing a substance into another substance
Physical properties
Can only be observed when a substance is changed into another substance
Chemical properties
Are independent of the amount of the substance that is present
Intensive properties
Depend upon the amount of the substance present
Extensive properties
These are changes in matter that do not change the composition of a substance
Physical changes
Chemical changes result in new substances
Chemical changes
Solid substances are separated from liquids and solutions
Filtration
Uses differences in the boiling points of substances to separate a homogeneous mixture into its components
Distillation
Separates substances on the basis of differences in solubility in a solvent
Chromatography
Measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a sample
Temperature
Density formula
D=m/v
Significant figures rules;
Zeroes at the beginning of a number:
Never significant
Significant figures rules;
Zeros at the end of a number:
Significant if a decimal point is written in the number
Significant figures rules;
Addition and subtraction:
Answers are rounded to the least significant decimal place
Significant figures rules;
Multiplication and division:
Answers are rounded to the number of digits that corresponds to the least number of significant figures
Th proximity of a measurement to the true value of a quantity
Accuracy
The proximity of several measurements to each other
Precision
Conversions formula
Given unit * desired unit/given unit = desired unit
