Chapter 1 Flashcards
What do you understand by the term “ Irreversible reaction”?
The reaction in which the product do not recombine to form reactants are called irreversible reaction.
Define reversible reaction?
The reactions in which the products con recombine to form reactants are called reversible reactions. These reactions never go to completion.
What do you mean by equilibrium constant?
Equilibrium Constant
Equilibrium constant fua ratio of the product of concentration of products raised to the power of coefficient to the product of concentration of reactants rated to the power of coefficient a expressed in the balanced chemical equation.
Define Law of Mass action?
LAW OF MASS ACTION Guldberg and Woog in 1860 put forward this low
According to this low “The rate of which substance reacts is directly proportional to its active
and the rate of reactions in directly proportional to the product of the active mosses of the reacting substanc
Unit
Deneraly, an active mass is considered as the motor concentration having units of moldin
expressed as square brackete
How does large numerical value of K help us to predict the extent of a chemical reaction?
Large numerical value of Ke
The large value of Kc indicates that at equilibrium position the reaction mixture consists of almost all
products and reactants are negligible. The reaction has almost gone to completion.
Give the characteristics of reversible reactions.
Characteristics of Reversible Reactions
Theon reactions never go to completion They are represented by a double arrow() between reactants and products
These reactions proceed in both ways, ie, they consist of two reactions forward
and
→So, reversible reaction to one which can be made to proceed in either direction
deperiding upon the conditions
Environmental systems depend upon equilibrium phenomena. Explain.
Many environmental systems depend for their existence on delicate equilibrium phenomenon.
Example Concentration of gases in lake water is governed by the principles of equilibrium. The lives of aquatic plants and animals are indirectly related to concentration of dissolved oxygen in water.
Why is equilibrium achievable only in a closed system?
Equilibrium in a Closed System:
Equilibrium is achievable only in a closed system becouse in on open system some reactants ur products may leave or add into the system, due to which the reaction may disturb
Example
When calcium carbonate is heated in a closed flask, ses that CO can’t escape out initially only
decomposition take place on forward reaction), but after a while CO, starte combining with
Cao to form CaCO, (reverse reaction)
What do you mean by the extent of a reaction?
Extent of a Reaction
Namenical value of the equilibrium constant predicts the extent of a reaction it indicates to which extent reactants are converted to products. In fact, it measures how for a reaction proceeds before establishing equilibrium state
Why at equilibrium state reaction does not stop?
At equillinum state, a repetion does not stop forward and reverse reactions keep on taking place at the same rate but in opposite direction
What are the characteristics of a reaction that establishes equilibrium state at once?
Characteristics
Rate of Reaction
At equilibrium state, a reaction does not stop Forward and reverse reactions keep on taking
place of the same rate but in opposite direction Amount of Reactants and Products
At equilibrium state the amount (concentration) of reactants and products do not change Even physical properties like colour, density, etc, remains the same
Direction of Equilibrium
An equilibrium state is attainable from either way, le starting from reactants or from products Effects of given Conditions
An equilibrium state can be disturbed and again achieved under the given conditions of
concentration, pressure and temperature.
Write the importance of equilibrium constant.
Importance of Equilibrium Constant
By knowing, the value for a reversible reaction we con predict the direction and as well as the
extent of the reactions indicates in which extent reactants are converted into products
How can you know that a reaction has achieved an equilibrium state?
Equilibrium Stats
If Qc=Kc forward and reverse reactions take place at equal rates, equilibrium has been attained.
What are the characteristics of a reaction that establishes equilibrium state at once?
Characteristics
Rate of Reaction
At equilibrium state, a reaction does not stop Forward and reverse reactions keep on taking
place of the same rate but in opposite direction.
Amount of Reactants and Products
At equilibrium state the amount (concentration) of reactants and products do not change Even physical properties like colour, density, etc, remains the same
Direction of Equilibrium
An equilibrium state is attainable from either way, le starting from reactants or from products
Effects of given Conditions
An equilibrium state can be disturbed and again achieved under the given conditions of concentration, pressure and temperature
