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criminal justice > chapter 1 > Flashcards

chapter 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the criminal justice system?

A

Stages of someone would pass through if they went through a crime Three subsystems- police, courts, corrections

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2
Q

What is crime?

A

A violation of criminal law for which there is no legally acceptable justification or excuse

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3
Q

Is crime a recent development?

A

Crime has evolved with the nation

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4
Q

Hoover commissioned it
in 1931

A

Wickersham Commission

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5
Q

Role of Law enforcement/Police

A

Maintain civil order
Sense of community safety
Showing up on an emergency call
Presence to maintain events
Mediator (calm things down)
Help with mental health crisis

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6
Q

Role of the court system

A

settle disputes, seek and obtain justice and to adjudicate and sentence

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7
Q

adversarial system

A

The prosecution and defense are opponents

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8
Q

prosecuter

A

represents the state,Screens cases, power to charge or not charge someone

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9
Q

Defense Attorney

A

represents the accused

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10
Q

role of correctional system

A

treat,rehabilitate and incapacite criminal offenders

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11
Q

3 branches of government

A

legislative, judicial, executive
law makers court system president enforces the laws

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12
Q

correctional population

A

5.5 million

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13
Q

misdemeanors

A

less serious crime

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14
Q

Felonies

A

more serious crime

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15
Q

nolle prosequi

A

decision to charge or not, not enough evidence, someone died

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16
Q

preliminary hearing/grand jury

A

present what they have, decide if there is probable cause

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17
Q

Arraignment

A

first time the defendant appears in court, 48 hours to be seen

18
Q

6th amendment

A

right to get a jury

19
Q

plea bargaining

A

try to get lesser sentence

20
Q

Discretion

A

the use of personal decision making and choice

21
Q

crime control perspective

A

prevent crime through use of sanctions, punishment is harsh, focus of justice for the victim

22
Q

deterrence

A

the action of discouraging an action or event through instilling doubt or fear of the consequences.

23
Q

due process perspective

A

emphasizes individual rights and constitutional safeguards, no innocent person charged, no constituional rights are violated

24
Q

exclusionary rule

A

no warrant or cause when evidence is found cannot be used

25
Q

rehabilitation perspective

A

figure out what caused the crime, fix that problem, find solutions

26
Q

equal justice perspective

A

want a fair process, emphasis on all people being treated the same

27
Q

nonintervention perspective

A

people who demand the removal of nonviolent offenders. They believe in decriminalization, limit involvement in systems

28
Q

decriminalization

A

the removal of criminal penalties for drug law violations

29
Q

compiled annually by the FBI

A

UCR (uniform crime reports)

30
Q

victim survey

A

asks crime victims about their experiences and if they reported it

31
Q

UCR

A

tries to find trends with crimes

32
Q

8 index crimes

A

criminal homocide, rape, robbery, aggravated assault, buglary, arson, motor vehical theft, larceny/theft

33
Q

self report survey

A

respondents tell about own criminal activities

34
Q

what years did crime peak at

A

60’s and 70’s

35
Q

most victimization occur when?

A

night and summer time espicially in the south

36
Q

peak age for property crime

A

16

37
Q

peak age for violent crime

A

18

38
Q

what percent of index crimes happen between the ages of 13 and 17

A

30%

39
Q

males commit what percentage of violent crime

A

80%

40
Q

black people comprise what percent of the population

A

13%

41
Q

how many times bigger is a black people are more likely to be in prison

A

6 times more then a white people

42
Q

Philly birth cohort study

A

6% of boys responsible for 52% of all offenses

criminal justice (1 decks)

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