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GENERAL CHEMISTRY > Chapter 1 > Flashcards

Chapter 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

These are properties that can be observed without changing a substance into another substance such as boiling point, density, mass, volume

A

Physical properties

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2
Q

These are properties that can only be observed when a substance is changed into another substance such as flammability, corrosiveness, and reactivity with acid

A

Chemical properties

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3
Q

These are the properties that are independent of the amount of the substance that is present such as density, boiling point, and color

A

Intensive properties

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4
Q

These are properties that depend upon the amount of the substance present, such as mass, volume, and energy

A

Excessive porperties

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5
Q

These are changes in matter that do not change upon the amount of the substance present, such as change of state, temperature, volume

A

Physical changes

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6
Q

These are changes in matter that in new substances, such as composition of a substance, change of state, temperature, and volume

A

Chemical changes

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7
Q

It is a separation technique in mixtures which uses differences in the boiling points of substances to separate a homogenous mixture into its components

A

Distillation

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8
Q

It is a separation technique in which solid substances are separated from liquids and solutions through the use of a filtering material

A

Filtration

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9
Q

It is a separation technique which separates substances on the basis of differences in solubility in a solvent

A

Chromatography

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10
Q

It is a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a sample

A

Temperature

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11
Q

The theory that atoms are the fundamental building blocks of matter reemerged in the 19th century, championed by John Dalton

A

Atomic theory of matter

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12
Q

This is also known as the law of definite proportions. It states that the elemental composition of a pure substance never varies.

A

Law of constant composition

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13
Q

This law states that the total mass of substances present at the end of a chemical process is the same as the mass of substances present before the process took place.

A

Law of conservation of mass

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14
Q

These formulas give the lowest whole-number ratio of atoms of each element in a compound.

A

Empirical formulas

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15
Q

These formulas give the exact number of atoms of each element in a compound.

A

Molecular formulas

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16
Q

These compounds are composed of molecules and almost always contain only nonmetals.

A

Molecular compounds

17
Q

These compounds are generally formed between metals and nonmetals (such as NaCl).

A

Ionic compounds

18
Q

These are atoms of the same element with different masses and have different numbers of neutrons.

A

Isotopes

19
Q

It is the spontaneous emission of radiation by an atom, which was first observed by Henri Becquerel and also studied by Marie and Pierre Curie.

A

Radioactivity

20
Q

It is a systematic catalogue of elements, which are arranged in order of atomic number.

A

Periodic table of elements

21
Q

T or F: In Dimensional Analysis, use the form of the conversion factor that puts the sought-for unit in the numerator.

A

True

22
Q

T or F: Precision refers to the proximity of a measurement to the true value of a quantity, while Accuracy refers to the proximity of several measurements to each other.

A

F

23
Q

T or F: Zeroes at the end of a number are significant if a decimal point is written in the number.

A

True

24
Q

T or F: Zeroes between two significant figures are themselves insignificant.

A

False: zeroes between 2 significant figures become significant

25
Q

T or F: When addition or subtraction is performed, answers are rounded to the least significant decimal place.

A

True

26
Q

T or F: Zeroes at the end of a number are significant if a decimal point is written in the number.

A

True

27
Q

T or F: When rounding calculated numbers, we pay attention to significant figures so we do not overstate the accuracy of our answers.

A

True

28
Q

T or F: The most commonly used metric units for volume are the liter, cubic meter and cubic centimeter.

A

False: liter and mililiter

29
Q

T or F: Different measuring devices have different uses but different d of accuracy.

A

True

GENERAL CHEMISTRY (1 decks)

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