Chapter 1 Flashcards
Affirmative Action
The practice or policy of favoring individuals belonging to groups known to have been discriminated against previously.
Assimilation
Process through which individuals and groups of differing heritages acquire the basic habits, attitudes, and more of life of an embracing culture.
Collective Conscience
Set of shared beliefs, ideas, and moral attitudes which operate as a unifying force within society.
Cultural Fusion
Process through which newcomers to a culture adopt behaviors / traits of the dominant culture and maintain elements of their minority identity to function in the dominant culture.
Discrimination
The unjust or prejudicial treatment of different categories of people or things, especially on the grounds of race, age, or sex
Environmental Justice
The fair treatment and meaningful involvement of all people, regardless of race, color, national origin, or income, with respect to the development, implementation, and enforcement of environmental laws, regulations, and policies.
Environmental Racism
A type of systemic racism where policies and practices place industrial facilities in low income communities, including communities of color.
Ethnicism
Prejudice based on ethnic origin
Ethnocentric
Lack in respect for other ways of life. Ethnocentric person feels that their own nation or group is the cultural center of the world.
Expulsion
The process of forcing someone to leave a place, especially a country.
Extermination
Killing, especially of a whole group of people or animals.
Genocide
The deliberate killing of a large number of people from a particular nation or ethnic group with the aim of destroying that nation or group
Heterogeneous Society
One in which numerous population groups have specific and distinct values and understandings
Homogeneous Society
A kind of society that has similar kinds of people, especially where there are no significant ethnic differences.
Institutional Discrimination
Prejudicial practices and policies within institutions that result in the systematic denial of resources and opportunities to members of subordinate groups.
Involuntary Migration
People who are forced to move–by organized persecution or government pressure
Melting Pot
A place where different peoples, styles, theories, etc. are mixed together.
Multiculturalism
The presence of, or support for the presence of, several distinct cultural or ethnic groups within a society.
Neocolonialism
the use of economic, political, cultural, or other pressures to control or influence other countries, especially former dependencies.
Operationalization
the process of developing operational definitions by describing how actual measurements will be made
Prejudice
preconceived opinion that is not based on reason or actual experience.
Prejudiced Discriminator
hold personal prejudices and actively discriminate against others
Prejudiced Non-Discriminator
hold personal prejudices but do not discriminate due to peer pressure, legal demands, or a desire for profits
Racism
prejudice, discrimination, or antagonism directed against a person or people on the basis of their membership in a particular racial or ethnic group, typically one that is a minority or marginalized.
Reverse Discrimination
discrimination against members of a dominant or majority group, in favor of members of a minority or historically disadvantaged group.
Secession
the action of withdrawing formally from membership of a federation or body, especially a political state.
Segregation
the action or state of setting someone or something apart from other people or things or being set apart.
Social Construction of Race
a story of power, in which those in positions of political, economic, and social authority create and recreate categories of difference and assign meaning and value on the basis of those categories to maintain and naturalize their own dominance.
Unprejudiced Discriminator
may have no personal prejudice but still engage in discriminatory behavior because of peer group pressure or economic, political, or social interests.
Unprejudiced Non-Discriminator
not personally prejudiced and do not discriminate against others
Voluntary Migration
occurs when someone chooses to leave home
