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World Cultures > Chapter 1 > Flashcards

Chapter 1 Flashcards

0
Q

Define Ethnicity

A

People of the same race or nationality who share a distinctive culture.

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1
Q

Human-Environment Interaction

A

The relationship between humans and their environment.

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2
Q

Define Culture

A

Everything that connects a group of people together.

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3
Q

Region

A

Characteristics of a place, including physical, political, economic and cultural

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4
Q

Define Socialization

A

How culture is learned.

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5
Q

What is the Universal Declaration of Human Rights?

A

The document written by Eleanor Roosevelt stating the 30 basic human rights.

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6
Q

Define Stereotype

A

A generalization about a person or group of people without information.

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7
Q

Define Genocide

A

The deliberate and systematic extermination of a racial, national, political or cultural group.

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8
Q

Define Scapegoat

A

To blame individual or group for the perceived failure of others.

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9
Q

Define Demagogue

A

A person who gains power through the emotion and prejudices of a group.

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10
Q

Define Cultural Hearth

A

Where a culture starts to spread.

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11
Q

Define Acculturation

A

Accepting something into a culture.

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12
Q

Define Religion

A

How people worship the divine being and how people treat each other.

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13
Q

Define Nation

A

A group of people with a common culture living in a territory and having a strong sense of unity.

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14
Q

What is the United Nations?

A

A collection of 192 nations who try to prevent future aggression and other bad things.

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15
Q

Define Population Growth

A

The birth rate minus the mortality rate.

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16
Q

Rural

A

Country life.

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17
Q

Urban

A

City life.

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18
Q

Define Migration

A

The movement of people from one place to another

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19
Q

Monotheistic

A

One god

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20
Q

Polytheistic

A

Many gods

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21
Q

Animistic

A

Nature

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22
Q

Language

A

Reflects physical area occupied by society, one of the most important aspects of culture.

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23
Q

Define Diffusion

A

The spread of ideas, inventions or behaviors.

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24
Q

Define Innovation

A

Taking existing technology and creating something new to meet a need.

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25
Q

Individual

A

Learns own cultures.

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26
Q

Family

A

Made up of individual that share daily practices.

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27
Q

Clan

A

Made up of families that share language and religion.

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28
Q

Tribe

A

Made up of clans that live together.

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29
Q

Define Racism

A

Hatred or intolerance of another race; people who believe their race is superior are racists.

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30
Q

Define Sexism

A

Inequality between men and women.

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31
Q

Define Anti-Semitism

A

Opposition to Jews.

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32
Q

Define Ethnocentrism

A

The belief that one’s own ethnic, political, or religious group is superior to all others.

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33
Q

Define Prejudice

A

An unfavorable opinion formed against a person or group of people based on a steroetype.

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34
Q

Define Discrimination

A

When people judge other people based on prejudices and stereotypes.

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35
Q

Define Persecution

A

The oppression and or harassment of people based on their race, religion, color, etc.

36
Q

Define Cultural Genocide

A

The deliberate and systematic destruction or assimilation of a culture without killing the person or people.

37
Q

What is the 5 step process leading to genocide?

A

Stereotype > Prejudice > Discrimination > Persecution > Genocide!!!

38
Q

Movement

A

There are three types of distance: linear, time, and psychological.

39
Q

Place

A

Describes characteristics such as climate, landforms, and vegetation.

40
Q

Absolute Location

A

Found using latitude and longitude.

41
Q

Relative Location

A

Describes how a place is related to its surrounding environment.

42
Q

Define Race

A

A group of people related by common descent or hereditary characteristics.

43
Q

Values

A

Personal or societal ideas or objects which have special meaning to the quality of life.

44
Q

Beliefs

A

Ideas which may be broadly shared or personal.

45
Q

Norms

A

Agreements about what is expected to fit in with a culture.

46
Q

Traditions

A

Customary acts, events, and holidays that are handed down from generation to generation.

47
Q

Laws

A

Deliberately created and enforced by officials.

48
Q

Folkways

A

Rules of ordinary behavior.

49
Q

Mores

A

Customs believed to be necessary to the welfare of society; more strict.

50
Q

Define Society

A

The territory occupied by a group of people.

51
Q

Birth Rate

A

The number of live births per year.

52
Q

Fertility Rate

A

Average number of children a woman of childbearing age would have.

53
Q

Infant Mortality Rate

A

The number of deaths among infants under age one.

54
Q

Mortality Rate

A

Number of deaths per year.

55
Q

Push factors cause…

A

People to move away from cities.

56
Q

Define Carrying Capacity

A

The number of organisms a piece of land can support.

57
Q

Pull factors cause…

A

People to move to cities.

58
Q

Define Urbanization

A

People moving to cities.

59
Q

Define Population Density

A

The average number of people who live in a measurable area.

60
Q

Define State

A

An independent unit that occupies a specific territory and has full control of its affairs.

61
Q

In a democracy…

A

The citizens hold the power.

62
Q

In a monarchy…

A

The ruling family holds the power.

63
Q

In a dictatorship…

A

One person or group of people hold the power.

64
Q

In communism…

A

The government holds political and economic power in the name of he people.

65
Q

Natural Boundaries are…

A

Based upon a physical feature of the land.

66
Q

Artificial Boundaries are…

A

Fixed in a line following latitude or longitude lines.

67
Q

Define Suburbs

A

Political units touching the borders of a central city.

68
Q

Define Metropolitan Area

A

What is created when a city suburbs and ex burbs link together in economics.

69
Q

Residential

A

Single family housing and apartments.

70
Q

Industrial

A

Reserved for manufacturing.

71
Q

Commercial

A

For private businesses and the buying and selling of retail products.

72
Q

Central Business District

A

The center of the city.

73
Q

A Mixed Economy is…

A

A combination of command and market economies.

74
Q

A Market Economy is…

A

The production of goods and services determined by demand from consumers.

75
Q

A Traditional Economy is…

A

When goods and services are traded without money.

76
Q

A Command Economy is…

A

When the production of services and goods is determined by the government.

77
Q

Primary Activities

A

Gathering raw materials for immediate use.

78
Q

Secondary Activities

A

Adding value to the materials by changing their form.

79
Q

Tertiary Activities

A

Providing business or professional services.

80
Q

Quaternary Activities

A

Providing information and management by highly trained officials.

81
Q

Natural Resources are…

A

Materials on or in the earth.

82
Q

Renewable Resources are…

A

Replaceable through natural processes.

83
Q

Non-Renewable Resources are…

A

Irreplaceable once removed.

84
Q

Inexhaustible Resources are…

A

Unlimited.

85
Q

Define Per Capita Income

A

The average amount of money earned by each person in a political unit.

86
Q

Define Gross National Product

A

A commonly used statistic to measure economy.

87
Q

Define GNP

A

The total value of all goods and services per country per year.

88
Q

Define Gross Domestic Product

A

The total value of all the goods and services from inside a country per year.

World Cultures (1 decks)

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