Chapter 1

Question 1

Matter

Answer 1

Anything that has mass and takes up space

Question 2

What are the three main states of matter?

Answer 2

Solid, liquid, and gas

Question 3

Pure Substance

Answer 3

Matter with distinct properties and composition (i.e. an element or compound)
*Cannot be separated by physical means

Question 4

Mixtures

Answer 4

Contains 2 or more substances that are NOT chemically combined
*Are separable by physical means

Question 5

Element

Answer 5

Substances that cannot be decomposed into simpler substances (composed of only one type of atom)

Question 6

Atom

Answer 6

Small building blocks of matter, CANNOT be decomposed into simpler substances by ordinary chemical reactions

Question 7

Compound

Answer 7

Substances composed of 2 or more different elements, atoms are chemically combined through bonds

Question 8

Law of Constant Composition

Answer 8

Water from any source has the same properties of hydrogen and oxygen

Question 9

Composition

Answer 9

The number of each atom type present

Question 10

Structure

Answer 10

The way in which atoms are bonded together in a 3D space

Question 11

Heterogeneous Mixture

Answer 11

Non-uniform in composition

Question 12

Homogeneous Mixture

Answer 12

Uniform properties and composition

Question 13

Property

Answer 13

An attribute, quality, or characteristic of something

Question 14

Kinetic Energy

Answer 14

Energy based upon motion
KE = 0.5mv^2

Question 15

Potential Energy

Answer 15

Energy based upon position of an object

Question 16

Physical Change

Answer 16

A change that does not change the identity of the substance
(Phase change)

Question 17

Chemical Change

Answer 17

A change that does change the identity of the substance
(Chemical reaction)

Question 18

Filtration

Answer 18

Removes solids from a heterogenous mixture

Question 19

Distillation

Answer 19

Separates components of a homogenous mixture based on boiling point

Question 20

Chromatography

Answer 20

Technique to separate components of a homogenous mixture that contains substances with different tendencies to stick to a surface

Question 21

Physical Property

Answer 21

Determined without changing the identity of the substance
*Color, odor, melting/boiling point, density

Question 22

Chemical Property

Answer 22

Describe reactions with or conversions into other substances. These properties describe all of the chemical changes that are possible for a substance
*Reactivity

Question 23

Extensive Properties

Answer 23

Depend on the amount of substance present

Question 24

Intensive Properties

Answer 24

Do not depend on the amount of a substance present

Question 25

Accuracy

Answer 25

Degree of reliability of a measurement

Question 26

Precision

Answer 26

Degree of reproductibility of a measurement