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intro to life process > chapter 1 > Flashcards

chapter 1 Flashcards

1
Q

in science, a concept that is supported by a broad range of observations, experiments, and data (such as evolution) is called a scientific

A

principle, theory, law

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2
Q

the characteristics of all organisms that describes a change in behavior when a stimulus is introduced is called

A

response

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3
Q

organisms maintain stable internal conditions in a process called

A

homesostasis

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4
Q

an evolutionary adaptation suits an organism to its

A

environment

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5
Q

the study of the evolutionary relationships between organisms is called

A

systematics

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6
Q

the largest classification category, of which bacteria and eukarya are examples is

A

domain

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7
Q

the division of the domain eukarya into six ___ reflect the different evolutionary paths of eukaryotes determined by DNA analyses

A

supergroups

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8
Q

systematics classifies organisms according to their ___ relationships

A

evolutionary

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9
Q

as part of the scientific method, observations may be made

A

both before and after the formation of a hypothesis

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10
Q

which of these is typically used to test a hypothesis

A

experimentation

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11
Q

also known as the independent variable, the factor in an experiment that is being tested is called the

A

experimental

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12
Q

the change that occurs due to the experimental treatment is called the

A

responding variable

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13
Q

the results of a scientific experiment are called

A

data

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14
Q

true or false: in a study that tests how well two different antibiotics work to treat ulcers, everyone receives the experimental variable (the antibiotics)

A

false

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15
Q

the discipline of identifying and grouping organisms

A

taxonomy

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16
Q

the study of the evolutionary relationships between organisms

A

systematics

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17
Q

the application of scientific knowledge to the interest of humans is called

A

technology

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18
Q

changes in the normal cycles of prevailing weather conditions primarily due to imbalance in the carbon cycle

A

climate change

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19
Q

a rise in temperature due to increased carbon dioxide and other gases in the atmosphere

A

global warming

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20
Q

carbon dioxide and other gases absorbing and radiating heat back to earth

A

greenhouse effect

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21
Q

the complete eradication (loss, death, destruction) of a species or larger classification category is called

A

extinction

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22
Q

studies have shown that ___ cannot function properly unless they raisin biologically diverse

A

ecosystems

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23
Q

Ailments such as H5N1, H1N1, SARS, and MERS are examples of ___, unavailable disease, meaning they are relatively new to human

A

emergent

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24
Q

in the scientific name for humans, sapiens is the

A

species name

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25
Q

a possible explanation for a natural event that is often tested by experimentation is called a

A

hypothesis

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26
Q

what do all living organisms require

A

energy, materials

27
Q

the genus that includes the garden pea is PISUM and the species of a specific pea plant is SATIVUM.

A

Pisa sativum, P. sativum

28
Q

t or f: a theory is the same as a hypothesis

A

false

29
Q

what are the things that scientists can use to make observations

A

their senses, previous studies, tools or instruments

30
Q

the biodiversity on earth is estimated to contain over ___ species.

A

8.7 million

31
Q

which characteristic is found in all living organisms

A

require energy, responds to stimuli, reproduces

32
Q

the smallest unit of life and the biological level at which the properties of life are first observed is the

A

cell

33
Q

group of similar cells the perform a particular function

A

tissue

34
Q

the capacity to do work is called

A

energy

35
Q

cells convert nutrient molecules during chemical reactions that are referred to as ___ which can provide energy to perform functions in cells

A

metabolism

36
Q

the type of reproduction that is most often used by multicellular organisms is

A

combining an egg and sperm

37
Q

a feutre including structure, function, and behavior that makes an organism better suited to a specific environment is called a

A

adaptation

38
Q

which of the following are the three domains of life

A

archaea, eukarya, bacteria

39
Q

the change that occurs due to the experimental treatment is called the

A

responding variable

40
Q

what part of a scientific study is often presented in tables and graphs

A

data

41
Q

t or f: all eukaryotes are more closely related to one another than to any prokaryote

A

true

42
Q

a simple sugar molecule

A

monosaccharide

43
Q

identify the reason why scientists are looking for water on europa

A

water is the fundamental molecule for all life

44
Q

matter can be found in which of the following states

A

plasma, liquid, solid, gas

45
Q

an atoms is the smallest unit of a

A

element

46
Q

proteins assist the animal body in which of the following ways

A

fighting off infections, chemical signaling, chemical reactions

47
Q

what are the functions of fats

A

protection of major organs insulation against heat loss energy storage

48
Q

what are the functions of cholesterol

A

component of the plasma membrane, precursor of bile salts, precursor of sex hormones

49
Q

rna is produced by

A

complementary base pairing to a DNA strand

50
Q

an atom is composed of

A

subatomic particles

51
Q

the contractile molecule in muscles cells are

A

proteins

52
Q

liquid at room temperature and usually produces by plants

A

oil

53
Q

solid at room temperature and are usually produced by animals

A

fat

54
Q

cholesterol is a

A

steroid

55
Q

identify the nucleotide that is not present in an RNA strand

A

thymine

56
Q

the periodic table is arranged by increasing atomic

A

number

57
Q

on the periodic table ___ have common physical and chemical characteristics

A

elements

58
Q

a radioactive isotope, such as carbon-14, emits energy as which of the following

A

subatomic particles, rays

59
Q

what are the functions of fats

A

store energy, protect vital organs, and insulation

60
Q

the valance shell of an atom is important because it

A

determines many chemical properties of an atom

61
Q

what forms when two or more atom bond together

A

a molecule

62
Q

if an atom gains an electron it will become a

A

negatively charged ion

63
Q

when two atoms share electrons in such a way that each atom has an octet of electrons in its outermost orbital

A

covalent

intro to life process (3 decks)

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