Chapter 1 Flashcards
After arriving at a DIFFERENTIAL diagnosis, information from which catergory will best establish a final or definitive diagnosis?
a. Clinical
b. Historical
c. Microscopic
d. radiographic
c. Microscopic
The descriptive term that would be best used for a freckle is
macule
CLINICAL diagnosis can be used to determine the final or definitive diagnosis for all of the following EXCEPT:
a. Fordyce granules
b. Unerupted supernumerary teeth
c. Mandibular tori
d. erythema migrans
B. Unerupted supernumerary teeth
What term describes the base of a lesion that is stalklike?
Pedunculated
Radiographic diagnosis would contribute to the definitive diagnosis of all of the following EXCEPT
a. internal resorption
b. Periapical cemento-osseus dysplasia
c. Odontomas
d. a retained deciduous tooth
D. A retained deciduous tooth
To determine the presence of blood dyscrasias, which would provide the MOST definitive information?
a. Laboratory blood tests
b. Bleeding during probing
c. Pallor of the gingiva and mucosa
d. patient complaint of weakness
A. Laboratory blood test
When an antifungal ointment or cream is used to treat angular cheilitis, what diagnostic category is being used?
Therapeutic
Yellow clusters of ectopic sebaceous glands commonly observed on the buccal mucosa and evaluated through clinical diagnosis are most likely
Fordyce granules
A slow growing, bony, hard exophytic growth on the midline of the hard palate is developmental and hereditary in origin. The diagnosis is determined through clinical evaluation. You suspect:
A. Torus palatinus
B. Mixed tumor
C. Palatal cyst
D. Nasopalatine cyst
A. Torus palatinus
The “white line” observed clinically on the buccal mucosa that extends from anterior to posterior along the occlusal plane is:
Linea alba
Which one of the following occurs as an erythematous area, is devoid of filiform papillae, is oval to rectangular in shape, does not change its characteristics, and is located on the midline of the dorsal surface of the tongue?
A. Median rhomboid glossitis
B. Erythema migrans
C. Fissured tongue
D. Lingual thyroid
A. Median rhomboid glossitis
What diagnostic category would the dental hygienist most easily apply to the preliminary evaluation of oral lesions?
Clinical
These examples of exostoses are found on the lingual aspect of the mandible in the area of the premolars. They are benign, bony, hard and require no treatment. Radiographically, they appear as radiopaque areas and are often bilateral. You suspect:
Mandibular tori
Which of the following terms is most often used when describing Mandibular tori:
A. Bullous
B. Lobulated
C. Sessile
D. Pedunculated
B. Lobulated
Which condition is a benign anomaly, has a diffuse gray to white opaque appearance on the buccal mucosa, and is most commonly seen in adult black individuals?
Leukoedema
A patient has the clinical signs of necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis. The hygienist has the patient begin hydrogen peroxide rinses without culturing the bacterial flora. This action applies to which diagnostic category?
Therapeutic
A small circumscribed lesion usually less than 1cm in diameter that is elevated and protrudes above the surface of normal surrounding tissue is called:
A papule
The base of a sessile lesion is:
Broad and flat
The identification of which of the following is not determined by clinical diagnosis?
A. Fordyce granules
B. Tori
C. Compound odontoma
D. Retro cuspid papilla
C. Compound odontoma
Another term for ERYTHEMA MIGRANS is:
Geographic tongue
The cause for supernumerary teeth is most likely:
Genetic
Historical diagnosis can include the patient’s
A. Age and sex
B. Family history
C. Medical history
D. All of the above
D. All of the above
Which condition is most often seen on the buccal mucosa?
A. Melanin pigmentation
B. Fordyce granules
C. Nicotine stomatitis
D. Angular cheilitis
B. Fordyce granules
Which of the following is NOT considered a variant of normal?
A. Migratory glossitis
B. White hairy tongue
C. Fissured tongue
D. Hairy leukoplakia
D. Hairy leukoplakia
Which cyst is often described as a radiolucency that SCALLOPS around the roots of the teeth involved?
Traumatic bone cyst
What percentage of erythoplakias are diagnosed as severe epithelial dysplasia or squamous cell carcinoma?
90%
Which of the following best describes the number of types of HPV? More than:
A. 35
B. 75
C. 100
D. 130
D. 130
What term best describes leukoplakia?
Clinical
Gingival enlargement is caused by what group of drugs?
Calcium channel blockers
Because it is associated with candidiasis, an antifungal medication is used sometimes to help in the diagnosis or treatment of:
Central papillary atrophy (median rhomboid glossitis)
The best way to determine whether lingual thyroid contains the patient’s functioning thyroid tissue is:
A. Thyroid scan
B. Blood test
C. Biopsy
D. Medication
A. Thyroid scan
Retrocuspid papillae are found on the:
Lingual aspects of the Mandibular canines
The benign stratified squamous cell papilloma is considered low risk and is associated with which types of HPV?
6 and 11
The most common location for lingual thyroid is
Between the foramen cecum and epiglottis
Which of the following is characterized by symptoms including dysphagia, dysphonia and dyspnea?
A. Median rhomboid glossitis
B. Erythema migrans
C. Lingual thyroid
D. Fissured tongue
C. Lingual thyroid
All of the following are characteristics of periapical cementoosseus dysplasia except one. Which is the exception?
A. Black women
B. Vital teeth
C. Mid thirties
D. Elevated serum alkaline phosphatase
D. Elevated serum alkaline phosphatase
All of the following are diagnosed without biopsy EXCEPT:
A. Fissured tongue
B. Erythoplakia
C. Central papillary atrophy
D. Erythema migrans
B. Erythoplakia
The 8 diagnostic categories are:
Clinical, Radiographic, Historical, Laboratory, Microscopic, Surgical, Therapeutic, Differential
Leukoplakia
Clinical term for a WHITE lesion that cannot be rubbed off and CANNOT be diagnosed through clinical evaluation alone.
Erythroplakia
Clinical term for a RED lesion that CANNOT be diagnosed off clinical features alone. Most (90%) are microscopically diagnosed as severe epithelial dysplasia (premalignant) or SCC
Bulla
A circumscribed, elevated lesion that is MORE than 5mm in diameter, usually contains serious fluid and looks like a a blister.
Coalescence
The process by which parts of a whole join together or fuse to make one.
Leukoedema vs Linea Alba
Leukoedema has an opalescent, velvety texture and is diffuse throughout the mucosa and is a variant of normal. Linea alba is a elevated “white line” on the mucosa along the occlusal plane, can be bilateral and is exaggerated by bruxism or clenching.
