Chapter 1

Question 1

Group that receives the experimental treatment.

Answer 1

Experimental Condition

Question 2

Value consisting of separate, indivisible categories, wherein no values can exist between two neighboring categories.

Answer 2

Discrete Variable

Question 3

Measuring separate variables with the intent of simply describing the individual variables.

Answer 3

Descriptive Research

Question 4

Manipulating one variable while another variable is observed and measured.

Answer 4

Experimental Method

Question 5

Value that is used to create the different groups of scores.

Answer 5

Quasi-independent Variable

Question 6

Group that receives no treatment or receives a neutral; placebo treatment.

Answer 6

Control Conditon

Question 7

Value which is divisible into an infinite number of fractional parts.

Answer 7

Continuous Variable

Question 8

Procedure used to summarize, organize, and simplify data.

Answer 8

Descriptive Statistic

Question 9

Technique that allows one to make generalizations about the populations from which samples were selected.

Answer 9

Inferential Statistic

Question 10

Value that describes a population usually derived from the measurements of the individuals in the population. Ex; average age

Answer 10

Parameters

Question 11

A group of people.

Answer 11

Population

Question 12

Set of individuals selected to represent the population in a research study.

Answer 12

Sample

Question 13

Procedure for measuring external behavior wherein the resulting measurements measure a hypothetical construct.

Answer 13

Operational Definition

Question 14

Single measurement or observation commonly called a score or raw score.

Answer 14

Datum

Question 15

Boundary of intervals for scores that are represented on a continuous number line.

Answer 15

Real Limit

Question 16

Boundary at the top of the interval.

Answer 16

Upper Real Limit (URL)

Question 17

Boundary at the bottom of the interval.

Answer 17

Lower Real Limit (LRL)

Question 18

Value that describes a sample, usually derived from measurements of the individuals in the sample.

Answer 18

Statistics

Question 19

Measurements or observations.

Answer 19

Data

Question 20

Collection of measurements or observations.

Answer 20

Data Set

Question 21

Naturally occurring discrepancy between a sample statistic and the corresponding population parameter.

Answer 21

Sampling Error

Question 22

Internal attribute that cannot be directly observed but is useful for describing and explaining behavior.

Answer 22

Construct

Question 23

Set of ordered categories wherein a zero score indicates none of the variable being measured.

Answer 23

Ratio Scale

Question 24

Value that is observed to assess the effect of treatment.

Answer 24

Dependent Variable

Question 25

Score comparison method where the researcher does not control which participants go into which group.

Answer 25

Nonequivalent Groups Study

Question 26

Set of ordered categories that are all intervals of exactly the same size.

Answer 26

Interval Scale

Question 27

Set of categories that have different names.

Answer 27

Nominal Scale

Question 28

Set of categories that are organized in an ordered sequence.

Answer 28

Ordinal Scale

Question 29

Observing two different variables to determine whether there is a relationship between them.

Answer 29

Correlational Method

Question 30

Value that is manipulated by the researcher.

Answer 30

Independent Variable

Question 31

Characteristic or condition that changes or has different values for different individuals.

Answer 31

Variable

Question 32

Method of using the passage of time to create the groups of scores.

Answer 32

Pre-Post Study