Chapter 1 Flashcards
Law of Conservation of Mass
In a chemical reaction, matter is neither created nor destroyed
Law of definite Proportions
All samples of a given compound, regardless of their source or how they were prepared, have the same proportion of their constituent elements
Law of Multiple Proportions
When two elements (call them A and B) form two different compounds, the masses of element B that combine with 1g of element A can be expressed as a ratio of small whole numbers
Atomic Theory
- Each element is composed of atoms
- All atoms of a given element have the same mass and other properties that distinguish them from atoms of other elements.
- Atoms combine in simple, whole-number ratios to form compounds
- Atoms of one element cannot change into atoms of another element. In a chemical reaction atoms only change the way that they are bound together with other atoms
Electron
Negatively charged low-mass particle present within all atoms
Matter
Anything that occupies space and has mass
Atoms
The basic particles that compose ordinary matter
Molecules
Geometrical arrangements of atoms
Chemistry
the science that seeks to understand the proposer ties of matter by studying the structure of the particles that compose it.
substance
is a specific instance of matter i.e. air, water, or sand
State
- Used to classify matter
- Depends on the relative position of the particles and how strongly they interact with one another.
Composition
- Used to classify matter
- Depends on the types of particles
Three different states of matter?
- Solid
- Liquid
- gas
Solid (in regards to particle composition)
Particles are tightly packed and fixed in place.
Liquid (in regards to particle composition)
Particles are closely packed but can move
