Chapter 1

Question 1

chemistry

Answer 1

study of matter and the change it undergoes

Question 2

What are the branches of chemistry?

Answer 2

organic (carbon chemistry)
analytical (quantitative & ID branch)
Biochemistry (living systems
physical (energy changes in chemistry)
theoretically (the modeling chemicals)
inorganic (everything not carbon

Question 3

Basic Research

Answer 3

carried out for the sake of increasing knowledge

Question 4

Applied Research

Answer 4

generally carried out to solve a problem

Question 5

volume

Answer 5

amount of 3D space an object occupies

Question 6

mass

Answer 6

measure of the amount of matter

Question 7

atom

Answer 7

smallest unit of an element that keeps the chemical identity/properties of that element

Question 8

element

Answer 8

a pure substance that cannot be broken down into simpler, stable substances and is made of one type of atom. Example: carbon

Question 9

compound

Answer 9

a pure substance that can be broken down into simple stable substances. Each compound is made from the atoms of 2 or more elements that are chemically bonded. Example: water & salt

Question 10

extensive properties

Answer 10

depends on the amount of matter that is present

Ex: volume, mass, and the amount of energy in a substance

Question 11

intensive properties

Answer 11

does not depend on the amount of matter that is present. Ex: melting & boiling point, density, conduct electricity

Question 12

physical change

Answer 12

a change in a substance that does not involve a change in the identity of the substance

Question 13

chemical property

Answer 13

relates to a substance’s ability to a substance’s ability to undergo changes that transform it into different substances

Question 14

chemical change/reaction

Answer 14

a change in which one or more substances are converted into different substances

Question 15

solid

Answer 15

definite volume and definite shape

Question 16

liquid

Answer 16

definite volume and indefinite shape

Question 17

gas

Answer 17

indefinite volume and indefinite shape

Question 18

reactants

Answer 18

are on the left

Question 19

products

Answer 19

are on the right

Question 20

Homogeneous Mixture

Answer 20

solution; uniform in composition (salt-water solution)

Question 21

Heterogeneous Mixture

Answer 21

not uniform throughout (clay-water mixture)

Question 22

groups/ families

Answer 22

vertical columns that contain elements with similar chemical properties

Question 23

period

Answer 23

horizontal rows of elements whose physical and chemical properties change somewhat regularly across a period

Question 24

metal

Answer 24

an element that is a good conductor of electricity: soft, shiny, malleable, ductile

Question 25

nonmetal

Answer 25

an element that is a poor conductor of electricity and heat: dull, hard, brittle

Question 26

What is the equipment and functions used so far?

Answer 26

beaker, evaporating dish, watch glass, funnel, iron ring, beaker tongs, crucible tongs, ring stand