chapter 1 Flashcards
absolute distance
a method of distance measurement using the straight line mileage between two places
absolute location
dictates where each places exists on a reference system
accessibility
indicates ease of movement between places
activity space
a functional region in which individual activities occur
aggregate characteristics
the dominant characteristics found within a place
boundary
a line that distinguishes the area within the region from the area outside the region
choropleth map
a map showing quantity or type of phenomena by area uses shades or colors to show class intervals and often used for maps displaying density
class intervals
groupings of data assigned different shades or colors
clustered
distribution in which data show distinct pockets of concentration
cognate
discipline that is in some way affiliated with a branch of human geo
cognitive distance
a measure of distance based on perceived distance, rather than physical distance
continuous data
data that occur everywhere, beyond observations
covariation
relationship between spatial distributions of two or more phenomena that tend to vary in the same way
criteria
established set of conditions that helps categorize and compare info
density
frequency in which something occurs
deterministic
always resulting in a particular pattern
dispersed
far apart
distance
a factor that heavily influences spatial interactions and can be measure in several ways
distance decay
as the distance between two places increases, the volume of interaction between these places decreases
distribution
the spatial arrangement of a phenomenon
euclidean space
a measure of space in which space operates as an area in which activities take place; aka absolute space
flow map
a type of map used to depict the interaction between two places
formal regions
places that have one or more characteristics in common
friction of distance
the amount of time it takes to get from one places to anoter
functional regions
regions constructed out of places that interact
why did the town start here? gold, farmland, etc.
geographical coordinate system
a type of reference system in which each place is given a unique value based on its latitude and longitude
geographical grid
a geographic spreadsheet in which places are represented in rows and have a specific geographical locations
geographic location
where a place is located
absolute and relative location
globalization
elimination of national boundaries through ever greater integration of people, companies, and governments across the world
iconic landscapes
a class of distinctive landscape types that bring to mind images and symbols essential to identity
interior landscapes
landscapes found inside a building, house, or other structure
international date line
line of longitude that is the other side of the prime meridian and is 180 degrees
isoline map
a map that is used to display distributions
consists of lines that connect points of equal values
landscape
an area less defined than a region and described in an abstract manner
latitude
a measured distance north or south of the equator, with the north and south pole as key reference points
latitude-ladder
longitude
a measured distance east and west of the prime meridian
multiscalar
taking place at different spatial scales
ordinary landscape
a landscape that people encounter in their daily experiences
pattern
arrangement of various geographic phenomena at a given point in time
period
a way to divide time
essential to historical understanding
phenomenon
any attribute that can be considered geographically
`place
a basic unit and key concept in geography that indicates where something exists
place interaction
a wide variety of activities that occur between a place
place similarity
one or more attributes that places have in common
point pattern
the distribution of points on a map, which can be analyzed to determine patterns
prime meridian
key reference line for longitude that is 0 degrees
passes thru greenwich, england, and connects the poles
probabilistic
tending to result in a pattern
process
an action that brings about a particular pattern
pure characteristic
characteristic that can be applied to an entire place
random distribution
phenomenon that is neither clustered nor dispersed
region
way of subdividing space into catergorizable geographic units
relative location
location of a place compared to other places
relative significance
level of significance a characteristic has, depending on scale of analysis and topic of interest
scale
determines frame of reference and shows which characteristics are especially important
scale of analysis
scale that determines what is being studied based on size of area being examined
sense of place
set of meanings attached to an area, particularly to the people who know that place well
site
the immediate environment of a place
on the hill, the end of the road, etc
situation
way in which a place relates to space that surrounds it
across the street, by the trail, etc
space
two dimensional area that contains a number of places and boundaries that may or may not be clearly defined
spatial connectivity
network created by spacial interactions, which geographers attempt to understand
spatial interaction
movement and interconnections between places
thematic maps
maps that show the distribution, flow,or connection of one or more characteristics and are used to show distribution
travel distance
the distance traveled between places based on existing transportation routes
travel time
the time it takes to get from one place to another, accounting for different levels of connectivity
vernacular region
a region that people construct in their mind, making them difficult to dissect
