Chapter 1 Flashcards
What are the six unique physical and behavioral characteristics?
Bipedalism, nonhoning chewing, complex material culture and tool use, hunting, speech, and dependence on domesticated foods.
What are the four branches of anthropology?
- Cultural(study of living cultures)
- Archaeology(study of the past culture)
- Linguistic(study of language)
- physical or biological
What is physical anthropology?
Physical(biological) anthropology is the study of human biology, specifically of the evolution and variation of humans(and their relatives, past and present).
Culture
Learned behavior that is transmitted from person to person
Artifacts
Material objects from past cultures
Sociolinguistics
The science of investigating language’s social context.
Biocultural approach
The scientific study of the interrelationship between what humans have inherited genetically and cultural.
Hominids
A group of extinct and living BIPEDAL primates in the family Hominidae. Includes all humanlike beings that post date the split between the evolutionary. Lineage that led to modern humans(homo) and the lineage the lead to living chimpanzees(pan).
Primates
A group of mammals in the order primates that have complex behavior, varies forms of locomotion, and a unique suite of traits, including large brain, forward facing eyes, fingernails and reduced snouts.
Bipedalism
Walking on two feet
Nonhoning canine
An upper canine that, as part of a nonhoning chewing mechanism, is not sharpened against the lower third premolar
Material culture
Part of culture that is expressed as object that humans use to manipulate environments.
Scientific method
Research method in which data is gathered from observation or phenomena, hypotheses are formulated and tested. Conclusions are drawn to validate or modify hypotheses.
Empirical
Verified through observation and experiment.
Anatomical
Pertaining to an organism’s physical structure.
