Chapter 1 Flashcards
injury
Act that damages or hurts
acute injury
Characterized by rapid onset,resulting from a traumatic event
critical force
magnitude of a single force by which an anatomic structure is damaged
chronic Injury
Characterized by a slow, insidious onset, implying a gradual development of structural damage
eccentric contraction
The simultaneous processes of muscle contraction and stretching of the muscle-tendon unit by extrinsic force
Soft tissue
Includes muscles, fascia, tendons, joint capsules, ligaments, blood vessels, and nerves
Fascia
Fibrous membrane that covers, supports, and separates muscles.
joint capsule
Saclike structure that encloses the ends of bones in a diarthrodial joint
Catastrophic injury
injury involving damage to the brain and/or spinal cord that presents a potentially life-threatening situation or the possibility of permanent disability.
Sprain
Injury to a joint and the surrounding structures, primarily ligaments and/or joint capsules
hemorrhage
discharge of blood
strain
Injury involving muscles and tendons or the junction between the two, commonly known as the musculotendinous junction
avulsion
Forcible tearing away or separation
contusion
bruise or injury to soft tissue that does not break the skin
ecchymosis
Black-and-blue discoloration of the skin caused by hemorrhage
Hematoma
a localized collection of extravasated blood, usually clotted, that is confined within an organ, tissue, or space
myositis ossificans
Myositis marked by ossification within a muscle
Fracture
A break or crack in a bone
Crepitation
crackling sound heard during the movement of a broken bone
stress fracture
Small crack or break in a bone related to excessive, repeated overloads; also known as overuse fracture or march fracture.
Salter-Harris fracture
a category of fractures that involves the growth plate
epiphysis
cartilaginous growth region of a bone
metaphysis
that portion of growing bone located between the shaft and the epiphysis
dislocation
the displacement of contiguous surfaces of bones comprising a joint
subluxation
partial or incomplete dislocation of an articulation
luxation
complete dislocation of a joint
epidemiology
the study of the distribution of disease or injury within a population and its environment
risk factor
Causative agent in a sports injury
spearing
a practice in tackle football whereby a player performs either a tackle or block using the head as the inital point of contact
little league elbow
condition related to excessive throwing that results in swelling of the medial epicondyle of the elbow, that is, medial humeral epicondylitis
apophysis
bony outgrowth to which mucles attach
anterior
before or in front of
friction
heat producing
