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Microsoft Servers > Chapter 1 > Flashcards

Chapter 1 Flashcards

1
Q

A logical grouping of computers on a network that implement peer-to-peer networking

A

workgroup

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2
Q

peer-to-peer networking

A

peer-to-peer networking

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3
Q

The process of proving your identity to a computer (often with a user name and password).

A

authentication

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4
Q

A logical grouping of computers on a network that provides centralized management and single sign-on.

A

domain

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5
Q

A server within a domain that authenticates other computers and provides for centralized management.

A

domain controller

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6
Q

The process whereby users authenticate once to a domain controller to prove their identity to other computers within the same domain.

A

single sign on

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7
Q

The Microsoft components and software that are used to provide single sign-on and centralized management of computers on a network.

A

Active Directory

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8
Q

A component of Active Directory that provides centralized management of Windows computers within a domain.

A

Group Policy

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9
Q

A component of Active Directory that provides centralized management of encryption certificates within a domain.

A

Active Directory Certificate Services

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10
Q

Active Directory services provided by Microsoft’s Azure cloud.

A

Azure Active Directory

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11
Q

An optional component of Microsoft Defender that can be used to provide cloud-based inspection for malware and network traffic.

A

Advanced Threat Protection (ATP)

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12
Q

The suite of cloud services that are provided by Microsoft.

A

Microsoft Azure

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13
Q

A Hyper-V feature that allows virtual machine hard disk files to be encrypted.

A

shielded virtual machines

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14
Q

The Web server software included in Windows Server.

A

Internet Information Services (IIS)

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15
Q

The traditional file system used on Windows Server systems.

A

New Technology File Systems (NTFS)

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16
Q

A new file system used on Windows Server systems that has additional reliability features and support for Storage Spaces.

A

Resilient File System (ReFS)

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17
Q

A filesystem feature that ensures that duplicate files are only stored once on the physical storage device.

A

data deduplication

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18
Q

A filesystem feature that allows for quick file recovery following a power failure.

A

journaling

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19
Q

A Windows Server feature that allows you to create and manage volumes from multiple storage devices.

A

Storage Spaces

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20
Q

A Windows Server feature that allows you to replicate data between different Windows Server systems.

A

Storage Replicas

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21
Q

A Windows Server feature that allows you to move data between servers and the cloud.

A

Storage Migration Service

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22
Q

A mode that is given the highest priority on a system.

A

privileged mode

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23
Q

A process that is isolated from other processes on a system.

A

protected processes

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24
Q

The ability to run multiple processes simultaneously on a system.

A

Multitasking

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25
A type of multitasking in which each process is isolated from the other processes on the system.
preemptive multitasking
26
A software-defined logical processor within a virtual machine.
virtual processors
27
A process whereby several different servers can respond to client requests as a single entity.
Clustering
28
The process whereby a server within a cluster assumes the role of another server within the cluster that has failed.
failover
29
A Windows Server feature that allows the combined storage within a cluster to be made available as a single volume to users on the network.
Storage Spaces Direct
30
A graphical management tool included within Windows Server.
Server Manager
31
A graphical management console that provides a series of snap-ins that can be used to manage components of Windows.
Microsoft Management Console (MMC)
32
a command line interface
shell
33
A set of specifications and frameworks that can be used to view and manage Windows operating system settings.
Windows Management Instrumentation (WMI)
34
A Web-based graphical management tool available for Windows Server.
Windows Admin Server
35
A minimal operating system installation.
small footprint
36
The sum total of all avenues that attackers can potentially use to obtain access to a system.
attack surface
37
A small footprint Windows Server installation option that does not provide a graphical desktop.
Server Core
38
A management tool included within Server Core that can be used to manage server settings.
Windows Server Configuration Wizard (sconfig.cmd)
39
An optional package that can be installed on Server Core to provide additional frameworks required for certain applications.
Server Core App Compatibility Feature on Demand (FOD)
40
A small footprint Windows Server installation option that provides a bare minimum set of services for running Web apps and a small number of server services.
Nano Server
41
An environment that integrates services that run on-premises to services within the cloud.
hybrid cloud
42
A service that allows you to integrate on-premises servers with servers and services hosted within Microsoft’s Azure cloud.
Windows Server Azure Network Adapter
43
A feature that allows you to back up on-premises data to Microsoft’s Azure cloud.
Azure Backup
44
A feature that allows you to provide services within Microsoft’s Azure cloud in the event of an on-premises server failure.
Azure Site Recovery
45
A set of software components that can be used to centrally manage containers within a cloud or on-premises environment.
Kubernetes
46
A component of Windows 10 and Windows Server 2019 that allows you to run Linux applications on the Windows kernel.
Windows Subsystem for Linux (WSL)
47
A Windows feature that allows you to configure computers based on a template.
Desired State Configuration
48
A feature that allows an operating system to store more frequently accessed data on faster storage devices within a volume that spans multiple storage devices.
storage tiers
49
A feature that allows you to specify the physical location of different types of data within a volume that spans multiple storage devices
storage pinning
50
A license for a network connection to a server.
Client Access License (CAL)
51
A term that refers to the software components and frameworks that provides network functionality for virtual machines and containers.
Software Defined Networking (SDN)
52
The process used to determine hardware and software requirements based on the current and future needs of users within an organization.
capacity planning
53
A file that stores a virtual filesystem that can be written to a removable media device such as a DVD or USB flash drive
ISO image file
54
A free software program that can be used to write the contents of an ISO image to a DVD.
Burnaware
55
free software program that can be used to write the contents of an ISO image to a bootable USB flash drive.
Rufus
56
A network in which the computers are all in close physical proximity. .
Local Area Networks (LANS)
57
A set of rules of communication used between computers on a network.
protocol
58
A package of data formatted by a network protocol.
packets
59
The most common network protocol used on the Internet. It provides for reliable communication.
Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP)
60
A less-reliable, but faster version of the TCP/IP protocol.
User Datagram Protocol/Internet Protocol (UDP/IP)
61
A protocol used on the Internet to provide error messages and network-related information.
Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP)
62
A series of four 8-bit numbers that determine the network and host portions of an IP address
subnet mask
63
The IP address of the router on the network used to send packets to remote networks
default gateway
64
IP communication that is destined for a single computer.
unicast
65
The portion of an IP address that denotes the network.
network ID
66
The portion of an IP address that denotes the host.
host ID
67
An IP address that refers to the local computer only
loopback IP adress
68
The process by which binary bits are compared to calculate the network and host IDs from an IP address and subnet mask.
ANDing
69
A notation that is often used to represent an IP address and its subnet mask.
(CIDR) notation
70
A TCP/IP communication destined for all computers on a network
broadcast
71
A unique 48-bit hexadecimal number that manufacturers add to each physical network interface they manufacture.
Media Access Control (MAC) address
72
A term that refers to the worldwide collection of small Internet-connected devices.
Internet of Things (IOT)
73
A protocol used to encapsulate IPv6 packets within an IPv4 network
Teredo
74
A network server that accepts Internet requests from other computers on the same LAN and obtains the desired resource on their behalf.
proxy servers
75
A technology that allows a router to obtain Internet resources on behalf of computers on the network.
Network Address Translation (NAT)
76
A protocol that is used to automatically obtain IP configuration from a server on the network.
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP)
77
A legacy protocol that is used to automatically obtain IP configuration from a server on the network.
Boot Protocol (BOOTP)
78
A hierarchical namespace used for host names.
Domain Named Space (DNS)
79
A host name that follows the DNS naming convention
Fully Qualified Domain Names (FQDNs)
80
A feature that automatically configures a network interface using an IPv4 address on the 169.254.0.0 network, or an IPv6 address on the FE80 network.
Automatic Private IP Addressing (APIPA)
81
A protocol used by computers to obtain an IPv6 configuration from a router on the network.
Internet Control Message Protocol version 6 (ICMPv6)
82
A network that uses network-based firewalls to protect access to the servers that are contained within.
perimeter network
83
A network that uses network-based firewalls to protect access to the servers that are contained within.
demilitarized zone (DMZ)
84
A name that you specify on a Windows computer that is used to generate the computer’s host name and NetBIOS name.
computer name
85
A unique name for a Windows computer that is broadcast to other computers on the LAN.
NetBIOS name
86
A feature on Windows Server that prevents the Internet Explorer Web browser from connecting to websites that are not within its trusted sites list.
Internet Explorer Enhanced Security Configuration (IE ESC)
87
A service that runs on a Windows Server computer that allows for activation of other computers on an organization’s network.
Key Management Services (KMS)
88
A role that can be installed on a domain controller to provide automatic activation for computers that are joined to the same Active Directory domain.
Active Directory-based Activation role
89
A license key that is purchased for use within an organization and often embedded into the installation media.
Generic Volume License Key (GVLK)
90
A license key that can be activated on the Internet for a set number of Windows computers.
Multiple Activation Key (MAK)

Microsoft Servers (2 decks)

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