Chapter 1 1/22-1/24 So Far Flashcards
What are Atoms?
The fundamental building blocks of matter
Free Atoms?
Free atoms bind together in specific geometric arrangements to form molecules.
How is a molecule form?
When two or more atoms join together.
What are the 7 diatomic molecules?
H2, N2, F2, O2, I2, Cl2, Br2
What is a compound?
A compound is a molecule that contains at least two different elements.
All compounds ___ molecules, but ____ ____ molecules ___ compounds
Are, not all, are
What is the scientific method?
A process for understanding nature by observing nature and its behavior, and by conducting experiments by testing our ideas.
What is a qualitative observation?
Noting or describing HOW a process happens.
What is a quantitative observation?
Measuring or quantifying something about the process.
Laws describe how _____ behaves
Nature
What is the atomic theory?
Matter is composed of small, tiny, indestructible particles called atoms
What are the three states of matter?
Solid, liquid, and Gas
Solids have a _____ volume and a ______ shape
Fixed, Fixed
Liquids have a _____ volume but an __________ shape
Fixed, indefinite
Gases have an _______ volume and ________ shape
Indefinite, indefinite
What is a pure substance?
made up of only one component and its composition is invariant
Elements:
A substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances
Compound:
2 or more different elements joined together by a chemical bond.
What are mixtures?
A substance composed of two or more components in proportions that can vary from one sample to another.
Heterogeneous:
Made up of multiple substances whose presence can be seen
Homogeneous:
Made up of multiple substances but appears to be one substance.
Same composition + properties
3 ways to separate mixtures
Decanting-
Carefully pouring off water into another container
3 ways to separate mixtures
Distillation-
Boiling off the more volatile liquid.
3 ways to separate mixtures
Filtration-
Mixture is poured through a filter paper or pourous substance
