chapter 08 Flashcards
the study of volcanoes called?
vulcanology
at the mid oceanic ridges two tectonic plates move away form one another as new oceanic crust is formed by the cooling and solidify of hot molten rock
Divergent plate boundaries
black smokers also know as???
deep sea vents
are places where two plates usually an oceanic plate and a continental plate collide?
subduction zone of convergent zone
is the name given to volcanic areas believed to be formed by mantle plumes
Hotspots
An __is an eruption of material that cools at the surface of a volcano
Extrusion
an__ is magma that cools beneath the surface of a volcano without erupting
Intrusions
The top part of the Earth’s mantle called?
Asthenosphere
The opening in the Earth’s crust where this occurs are called???
Volcanoes
Ate notorious for lying dormant for hundreds of years and then exploding suddenly and violently only fall silent again for generation
Composite
Person who study volcano?
Volcanologist
Molten rock beneath the Earth’s surface
Magma
A small come shaped volcano formed by an accumulation of volcanic debris
Parasitic cone
A flat piece of rock formed when magma gardens in a crack in a volcano
Sill
An opening in Earth’s surface through which volcanic materials escape
Vent
The side of volcano
Flank
Molten rock that erupts from volcano and solidifies as it cools
Lava
Mouth of a volcano;it surround a volcanic vent
Crater
An underground passage magmae travels through
Conduit
Highest point of a volcano;apex
Summit
Entrance of a volcano
Throat
Fragments of lava or rock smaller that2mm in size that are blasted into the air by volcanic explossions
Ash
A cloud of ash formed by volcanic explossions
Ash cloud
so named for their broad shield like profile are formed by eruption of low viscosity lava that can flow a great distance from a vent
Shield volcanoes
are tall conical mountains composed of lava flow and other ejecta alternate layers the starts that give rise to the name
Startovolcanoes or composite volcanoes
Is superheated mixture of hot steam ash rock and dust
Pyroclastic flow
Which typically range only few hundred meter in diameter and height occasionally belch forth boulders or dust called tephra
Cinder cones
Types of volcano
Supervolcano, startovolcano.shield volcano, submarine volcanoes, subglacial volcano
Usually has large caldera and can produce devastation on an anormous sometimes continental scale
Supervolcano
Are common feature of the ocean floor
Submarine volcanoes
A __is a subglacial volcanic landform formed when there are eruptions that cannot penetrate the ice sheet above, thus forming a flat-topped hill that conforms to the bottom of the ice (after some has melted away.
Tuya
develop underneath ice caps
Subglacial volcanoes
Is a volcanic object created when magma harden within a vent on an active volcano
Volcanic plug
A__Is bowl shaped depression formed when a volcano collapse into the void left when its magka chamber is emptied
Caldera
Philippines belongs to the?
Pacific ring of fire
Is the highest mountain in the country and overlooks Davao city
province Davao del sur
Mount apo
province boundaries of Laguna and quezon province
Banahaw volcanic complex
What mt located in of province sorsogon which formed about 35,000-40,000
Bulusan
what volcano located in southern Leyte
Cabalian
also know as mountain of fire
Mount cagua
what mt located in the Cagayan?
Didicas volcano
Also know as catarmab volcano
Hibok hibok volcano
is small startovolcanoes that rises to 1196m immediately SW of lake buhi
Mt iriga
Is an active group of volcanoes in the island of Jolo in southern ph
Jolo group
Highest point of the island of negros
Kanlaon volcano
Is located east of head of Davao
Leonard kniaseff
this volcano has no historical eruption but display strong fumarolic activity which is harnessed for a generating electricity
Malinao volcano
is the pH most active volcano and is considered to be worlds most prefect formed volcano
Mayoj volcano
this volcano is relatively unknown
Pinatubo volcano
has Its most powerful historical eruption
Taal volcano
Eruptions are the smallest type of explosive explosion
Strombolian eruption
is a violent type of explosion
Vulcanian eruption
The largest and most violent of all the type of volcanic eruption???
Plinian eruption
Are a kind of hydromagmstic eruption where maga or lava interact explosively with water
Surtseyan eruption
Form when very viscous rubbly lava
Lava domes
Type of eruption are characterized by the effusion of molten basaltic lava that flow form long paralkel fissure
Icelandic eruption
Who developed the volcanic explosivitu index?
Chris newhall and Stephen self
during major explosive eruption huge amounts of volcanic gas aerosol droplets and ash are injected into the stratosphere
Volcanic gases
are high-density mixtures of hot, dry rock fragments and hot gases that move away from the vent that erupted them at high speeds.
Pyroclastic flow
Is an Indonesian term that describes a hot or cold mixture of water and rock flowing down the slopes of a volcano and or river valley
Lahar
Are large masses of rock and soil that fall slide or flow very rapidly under the force of gravity
Landslide
Are stream of molten rock that pour ooze from an erupting vent
Lava flows
Is a glacial outburst flood
Jökuohlaup
Is general term of fragments of volcanic rock and lava regardless of size that are blasted into the air by explosion or carried upward by hot gassed in eruption colums or lava fountains
Tephra
Classification of tephra size
Ash-2m
lapili-2and64m
Blocks - 64m
Is one of the service agencies of the department of science and technology
Philippines institute of volcanology and seismology
Are research center that monitor volcanic activity
Volcanic ash advisory center
each time new eruption producing a significant ash cloud is detected a??
Ash advisory
Comes from a greek word geo meaning earth and theme meaning heat “renewable energy”
Geothermal energy
the youngest know impact basinbon mercury
Coloris basin
has more volcanoes that any other planet in the solar system
Venus
Has the largest shield volcanoes in the solar system
Mars
