Chapter 01 - Police History Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
1
Q

Beat System

A

System of policing created by Sir Robert Peel for the London Metropolitan Police in 1829 in which officers were assigned to relatively small, permanent posts.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

CompStat

A

Weekly crime strategy meetings, featuring the latest computerized crime statistics and high-stress brainstorming; developed by the NYCPD in the mid-1990s.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Constable

A

An official assigned to keep the peace in the mutual pledge system in England.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Department of Homeland Security

A

Federal cabinet department established in the aftermath of 9/11.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Dred Scott decision

A

Infamous US Supreme Court decision of 1857 ruling that slaves had no rights as citizens because they were considered to be property.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Hue & Cry

A

A method developed in early England for citizens to summon assistance from fellow members of the community.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Jury Nullification

A

A vote by jurors to either ignore the evidence in a trial or disregard the instructions of a judge to reach a verdict based on their own consciences.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Mutual Pledge

A

A form of community self-protection developed by King Alfred the Great in the latter part of the ninth century in England.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

National Advisory Commission on Civil Disorders (Kerner Commission)

A

Commission created in 1968 to address the reasons for the riots of the 1960s.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Peel’s Nine Principles

A

Basic guidelines created by Sir Robert Peel for the London Metropolitan Police in 1829.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Posse Comitatus

A

Common law descendent of the old hue & cry. If a crime spree occurred or a dangerous criminal was in the area, the US frontier sheriff would call upon the posse comitatus, a Latin term meaning “the power of the county.”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Praetorian Guard

A

Select group of highly qualified members of the military established by the Roman emperor Augustus to protect him and his palace.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

President’s Commission on Law Enforcement & Administration of Justice

A

Commission that issued a report in 1967 entitled “The Challenge of Crime in a Free Society”. The commission was created in the wake of the problems of the 1960s, particularly the problems between police and citizens.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Rodney King incident

A

The 1991 videotaped beating of an African American citizen by members of the LAPD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Shire-reeve

A

Early English officials placed in charge of shires (counties) as part of the system of mutual pledge; evolved into the modern concept of the sheriff.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Slave Patrols

A

Police-type organizations created in the American South during colonial times to control slaves and support the southern economic system of slavery.

17
Q

Terrorist Attacks against the USA on 9/11/2001

A

The terrorist attacks committed by al Qaeda.

18
Q

Thief-takers

A

Private English citizens with no official status who were paid by the king for every criminal they arrested. They were similar to the bounty hunter of the American West.

19
Q

Vigiles

A

Early Roman firefighters who also patrolled Rome’s streets to protect citizens.

20
Q

Volstead Act (National Prohibition, Eighteenth Amendment)

A

Became law in 1920 and forbade the sale and manufacture of alcohol.

21
Q

Watch & Ward

A

A rudimentary form of policing, designed to protect against crime, disturbances, and fire. All Englishmen were required to serve on it.

22
Q

Wickersham Commission

A

Published the first national study of the US criminal justice system in 1931.