Chapter 01 Concepts of Radiologic Science

Question 1

Anything that occupies space & has mass?

Answer 1

Matter

Question 2

The building blocks of matter

Answer 2

Atoms

Question 3

The quantity of matter as described by its
energy equivalence
 The distinguishing characteristic of matter

Answer 3

Mass

Question 4

The force exerted on a body under the
influence of gravity

Answer 4

Weight

Question 5

Material substance with mass of which
physical objects are composed

Answer 5

Matter

Question 6

The fundamental, complex, building blocks
of matter

Answer 6

Atoms & Molecules

Question 7

The ability to do work
 SI Unit: joules (J)
 In Radiology: electron volt (eV)

Answer 7

Energy

Question 8

The ability to do work by virtue of position

Answer 8

Potential Energy

Question 9

The energy in motion

Answer 9

Kinetic Energy

Question 10

The energy released by a chemical reaction

Answer 10

Chemical Energy

Question 11

The work that can be done when an electron
moves through an electric potential
difference (V)

Answer 11

Electrical Energy

Question 12

The energy in motion at the molecular level

Answer 12

Thermal/Heat Energy

Question 13

The energy that is contained within the
nucleus of an atom

Answer 13

Nuclear Energy

Question 14

The type of energy that is used in an x-rays

Answer 14

Electromagnetic Energy

Question 15

Albert Einstein
 States that matter and energy are
interchangeable

Answer 15

Theory of Relativity

Question 16

Formula: E=mc2

Answer 16

Matter-Energy Equivalence

Question 17

The energy emitted & transferred through
space

Answer 17

Radiation

Question 18

Radiated by the sun

Answer 18

Visible light

Question 19

Matter that intercepts & absorbs radiation

Answer 19

Exposed/Irradiated

Question 20

It causes sunburn

Answer 20

UV Light

Question 21

Any type of radiation that is capable of
removing an orbital electron from the atom
with which it interacts
 Examples: x-rays, gamma rays & UV light

Answer 21

Ionizing Radiation

Question 22

The removal of an electron from an atom

Answer 22

Ionization

Question 23

Examples: alpha & beta particles

Answer 23

Particulate-type Ionizing Radiation

Question 24

NCRP

Answer 24

National Council on Radiation Protection &
Measurements

Question 25

MSCT

Answer 25

Multislice Spiral Computed Tomography

Question 26

The emission of visible light only during stimulation

Answer 26

Fluorescence

Question 27

Roentgen received Nobel Prize in Physics

Answer 27

1901

Question 28

He published and produced the first medical x-ray image  The first x-ray examination

Answer 28

February 1896

Question 29

Uses x-ray film & x-ray tube mounted from the ceiling  Provides fixed images

Answer 29

Radiography

Question 30

Conducted with an x-ray tube located under the examination table  Provide moving images

Answer 30

Fluoroscopy

Question 31

Measured in kVp

Answer 31

X-ray Voltage

Question 32

Measured in mA

Answer 32

X-ray Current

Question 33

Caused: long exposure time

Answer 33

Image Blur

Question 34

He demonstrated the use of radiographic intensifying screen

Answer 34

Michael Pupin (1896)

Question 35

He demonstrated the use of double emulsion film

Answer 35

Charles L. Leonard (1904)

Question 36

He developed fluoroscope  Original Fluorescent Material: Barium platinocyanide  Most Recent: Zinc cadmium sulfide & calcium tungstate

Answer 36

Thomas A. Edison (1898)

Question 37

The first x-ray fatality

Answer 37

Clarence Dally (1904)

Question 38

He demonstrated the first application of collimation & filtration

Answer 38

William Rollins

Question 39

He introduced interrupterless transformer  Snook transformer

Answer 39

H.C. Snook (1907)

Question 40

He introduced coolidge x-ray tube

Answer 40

William D. Coolidge (1913)

Question 41

MEG

Answer 41

Magnetoencephalography

Question 42

PET & CT were developed

Answer 42

1970

Question 43

MRI become an accepted modality

Answer 43

1980

Question 44

It absorbs low energy x-rays  Aluminum or copper

Answer 44

Filtration

Question 45

It restricts the useful x-ray beam  It reduces scatter radiation  It improves image contrast  Example: adjustable light-locating collimators (common)

Answer 45

Collimation

Question 46

It reduces x-ray exposure by more than 95%

Answer 46

Intensifying Screen

Question 47

Lead-impregnated material  Examples: gloves & apron

Answer 47

Protective Apparel

Question 48

It is used with all persons of childbearing age

Answer 48

Gonadal Shielding

Question 49

Lead-lined with a leaded-glass window  Example: radiographic control console

Answer 49

Protective Barriers

Question 50

ARRT

Answer 50

American Registry of Radiologic Technologists

Question 51

He invented stationary grid  “glitterblende”

Answer 51

Gustav Bucky (1913)

Question 52

He invented moving grid

Answer 52

He invented moving grid

Question 53

Potter-Bucky grid was introduced

Answer 53

1921

Question 54

He demonstrated at Bell Telephone Laboratories

Answer 54

Light Amplifier (1946)

Question 55

Light amplifier was adapted for fluoroscopy

Answer 55

1950

Question 56

Diagnostic UTZ & gamma camera appeared

Answer 56

1960