Chapter 0 Flashcards
For what applications are mainframes used?
ATMs, motel & airline & rental car reservation systems
What was the first computer called?
The ENIAC
When was the first computer made
1946
Who made the first computer
Dr. John Atanasoff
How big is a microprocessor chip?
1/4 the size of a postage stamp
What is an embedded system?
A computer system, a combination of a computer processor CPU, memory, and I/O peripheral devices that has a dedicated function within a larger mechanical or electrical system
What is the most important part of a computer?
CPU, required for all calculations
Name 3 input devices
keyboard, mouse, scanner
name 3 output devices
monitor, printer, speakers
Name 2 types of primary storage
RAM (Random Access Memory) & ROM (Read Only Memory)
Name 3 types of secondary storage
USB (Universal Serial Bus) thumb drive, CD (Compact Disk), Floppy Disk
What is a bit?
The smallest unit of information that can be stored or interpreted by a computer, (1’s and 0’s).
What is a byte?
a group of bits (usually 8) operated on as a unit
What is a CPU?
Central Processing Unit
What does a CPU do?
Processes and executes instructions
What is an Operating System?
An interface between the user and software.
What does an Operating System do?
manages computer resources such as memory and processes
What type of computer language is easiest to understand?
High level language, CPU independent code that combines algebraic expressions and symbols from English
What type of computer language is hardest to understand?
Machine language, CPU-specific code in binary
What does a program compiler do?
Checks syntax (grammar) of the code, translates source code to object files
(In machine language) (AKA it talks to the processor so it knows what to do… e.g. push print, turns that into binary so computer can perform the action)
Step 1 of the Five-Step Software Development Method?
Requirement Analysis. Requirements of the Software are determined.
Step 2 of the Five-Step Software Development Method?
Design.
Software and system Design developed according to ‘Requirement Specification’ Document
Step 3 of the Five-Step Software Development Method?
Implementation and Coding
Step 4 of the Five-Step Software Development Method?
Testing
