Chapt 7/8

Question 0

Evolution

Answer 0

The process in which inherited characteristics within a population change over generations such that new species sometime arise

Question 1

Species

Answer 1

A group of organisms that are closely related and can mate to produce fertile offspring

Question 2

Fossil

Answer 2

The trace or remains of an organism they lived long ago, most commonly preserved in sedimentary rock

Question 3

Fossil record

Answer 3

A historical sequence of life indicated by fossils found in layers of the earth’s crust

Question 4

Trait

Answer 4

A genetically determined characteristic

Question 5

Selective breeding

Answer 5

The human practice of breeding animals or plants that have certain desired traits

Question 6

Natural selection

Answer 6

The process by which individuals they are better adapted to their environment survive and reproduce more successfully than less well adapted individuals do; a theory to explain the mechanism of evolution

Question 7

Generation time

Answer 7

The period between birth of one generation and the birth of the next generation

Question 8

Speciation

Answer 8

The formation of new species as a result of evolution

Question 9

Relative dating

Answer 9

Any method of determining whether an event or object is older or younger than other events or objects

Question 10

Absolute dating

Answer 10

Any method of measuring the age of an object or event in years

Question 11

Geologic time scale

Answer 11

The standard method to divide the Earth’s long natural history into manageable parts

Question 12

Extinct

Answer 12

Describes a species that has died out completely

Question 13

Plate tectonics

Answer 13

The theory that explains how large pieces of the Earth’s outermost layer, move and change shape

Question 14

Precambrian time

Answer 14

The period of time in the geologic time scale fro mine formation of the Earth to the beginning of the Paleozoic era from about 4.6 million yrs to 542 million yrs ago

Question 15

Paleozoic era

Answer 15

The geologic era that followed Precambrian time and that lasted 542 million yrs ago.

Question 16

Mesozoic era

Answer 16

the geologic eat that lasted from 251 million yrs ago to 65.5 million yrs ago; also called the Age of Reptiles

Question 17

Cenozoic era

Answer 17

The most recent geologic beginning 65 million hrs ago; also called the Age of Mammals

Question 18

Primate

Answer 18

A type of mammals character

Question 19

Adaptation

Answer 19

A characteristic that improves an individual’s ability to survive and reproduce in a particular environment

Question 19

Hominid

Answer 19

A type of prime characterized bipedalism, relatively lome lower limbs, and lack of a tail

Question 20

Homo sapiens

Answer 20

The species of hominids that includes modern humans and their closest ancestors and that first appeared about 100,000 years ago to 160,000 years ago