Chapt 6.1-6.4 (Water Quality Control) Flashcards
Goal of Wastewater Treatment
To reduce toxins me kill pathogens. This also reduces the BOD and nutrient loading.
NPDES National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System
Permit that requires discharger to meet certain technology based effluent limits and perform effluent monitoring.
SDWA basic requirements
Requires EPA to establish national standards for drinking water quality.
Requires operators of public water systems to monitor the quality of water being delivered and makes sure it meets standards
Primary Standards
Enforceable standards based on health related criteria
Secondary Standards
Standards based on aesthetics. Can’t enforce them.
Maximum Contaminate Levels
The enforced level of contaminate
Maximum Contaminate Level Goal
The ideal goal of Contaminate level. Not enforced.
MCL groupings
Synthetic Organic Chemicals
Volatile Organic Chemicals
Disinfectant Byproducts
Radionuclides
Radioactive compounds. Have own MCL.
Microbiological Standards
Category of MCL’s for microbiological contaminated
Indicator Organisms
Bacteria that suggest the water is contaminated. Used to indicate for harder to detect bacteria. Ex: coliform bacteria
Surface water Treatment Steps
Screening
1st Sedimentation
Coagulation
2nd Sedimentation
Filtration
Sludge Processing
Disinfection contact
Ground Water Treatment
Aeration
Flocculation
Sedimentation
Recarbonation
Filtration
Disinfection
Sludge Processing
Primary vs Secondary Disinfection
Primary kills pathogens
Secondary prevents regrowth
Water Hardness
The level of multitalented cations in water. Groundwater is normally harder.
Softening Approaches
Lime soda ash process
ion exchange process
Primary Sludge
Raw sludge. Solids that settle in primary settling tank
Biological (secondary) Treatment
Micro organisms are used to convert organic wastes to stable and low energy compounds. Either suspended or attached.
Yield Coefficient
Proportionality constant of biomass of new cells on microbial mass growth rate
Activated Sludge
Sludge used in suspended growth biological treatment
Mixed Liquor
Mixture of aerated water and microbial mass in activated Sludge treatment
Membrane Bioreactor
Micro Phil Traciann membranes have been in Cloyd in suspended growth biological reactors decrease the size of secondary treatment tankage and to improve the suspended solids separation efficiency. These reactors can help avoid the need for a secondary clarifier
