Chapt. 28 Drugs; Parkinsons and Movement Disorders Flashcards
What are the different types of movement disorders?
Parkinsonism, Huntington’s disease, Wilson’s disease,
and Gilles de la Tourette’s syndrome.
What are the different drug classes used to treat Parkinsonism
Dopamine precursor Dopamine agonists MAO inhibitors COMT inhibitors Muscarinic antagonists
Which drugs are classified as Dopamine Precursors and what disorder are they used to treat?
Levodopa; Parkinsonism
Which drugs are classified as Dopamine Agonists and what disorder are they used to treat?
Bromocriptine and pramipexole; Parkinsonism
Which drugs are classified as MAO Inhibitors and what disorder are they used to treat?
Selegiline; Parkinsonism
Which drugs are classified as COMT Inhibitors and what disorder are they used to treat?
Entacapone; Parkinsonism
Which drugs are classified as Muscarinic antagonists and what disorder are they used to treat?
Benztropine
What are 4 movement disorders?
Tremors, Huntingon’s and Tourette’s, and Wilson’s disease
What drug is used to treat Tremors
Propranolol
What drugs are used to treat Huntington’s and Tourettee’s?
Haloperidol and Tetrabenzaine
What drug is used to treat Wilson’s disease?
Penicillamine
What is Parkinsonism (paralysis agitans)?
A common movement disorder that involves dysfunction in the basal ganglia and associated brain structures.
What are signs of Parkinsonism?
RAFT: Rigidity of skeletal muscles Akinesia (or bradykinesia) Flat facies Tremor at rest
What are pathologic characteristics of Naturally Occurring Parkinsonism?
Decreased levels of striatal dopamine and degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the nigrostriatal tract that normally inhibits the activity of stratal GABAergic neurons.
What subclass are most postsynaptic dopamine receptors on GABAergic neurons?
D2 subclass (negatively coupled to adenylyl cyclase)
In naturally occurring parkinsonism, the reduction of normal dopaminergic neurotransmission leads to what?
Excessive excitatory actions of cholinergic neurons on
striatal GABAergic neurons; thus, dopamine and acetylcholine activities are out of balance.
Drug induced Parkinsonism is irreversible due to permanent loss of function of neuroglia? (T/F)
False.
Drug-Induced Parkinsonism symptoms are usually reversible.
What are the most important drugs related to Drug-Induced Parkinsonism, and why?
butyrophenone and phenothiazine antipsychotic drugs; they block brain dopamine receptors.