chapt 2 - europeans colonize north america (1600-1650) Flashcards
where did Spanish establish its first fort / settlement and why?
St. Augustine (Florida) and wanted to keep the French out
the Spaniards invaded and conquered what?
the pueblo country
the colony they established was poor and indefensible, but fertile group for missionaries
where was the first French settle?
Quebec and later Montreal (located in Canada)
what did the Jesuits aim to do in new France?
tried to convert the natives to the catholic faith and introduced European culture
where did the Dutch settle?
New Netherland (NY)
what did the presence of the Dutch traders cause among native tribes?
competition and war
why did Europeans have conflict with one and another over the Caribbean?
the Caribbean was an area that had sugar and when demand of sugar increased, all the Europeans wanted to make profit
why was sugar important to the Europeans nations?
they were motivated to establish plantations to satisfy the demand of the European market
what did were the effects of the English reformation?
numbers of English dissenters (disagreeers) left their homeland
who initiated the English reformation?
king henry viii
what were the aftermath of the conflict between the Stuart monarchs and puritans?
thousands of settlers left England
define:
joint-stock companies
English investors financed early colonization projects
modern corporations enjoyed limited success but they provide the necessary investment funds for colonization
what was Jamestown?
the 1st permanent settlement in VA
why did the cultural differences between Algonkian and English cultures cause great problems?
both had differing views
Englishmen’s ego of their cultural superiority lead more problems
how did tobacco help Jamestown?
provided the colony with cash crops
define:
House of Burgesses
under the Virginia company, major landowners were alllowed to elect representatives to an assembly (House of Burgesses)
why did Powhatan’s successor, Opechancanough, attack Jamestown?
he was fearful of Englsih encroachment
killed 1/4 (347) of its inhabitants
hw did James I make Virginia a royal colony?
by revoking the charter of the Virginia Company
Maryland mirrored Virginia in many ways, but how does it differ?
the colony tolerated all Christian faiths –> served as a haven for Catholics
why was there such a need for laborers?
the increase in production of tobacco
what 3 factors led to few, smaller, and shorter-lived families in VA and MD?
predominance of males
economic conditions
high mortality rates
where did religion motivate people to move to?
New England colonies
separatists vs congregationalists
Congregationalists - wanted to reform the Church of England
Separatists - thought the Church of England was too corrupt to be saved
where did the Separatists go to when they left the Church of England?
Plymouth (MA - Massachusetts)
