Chapt 2 Flashcards
What are the 2 types of prokaryotes we talked about
Eubacteria & archae (archaebacteria)
Are viruses prokaryotic or eukaryotic ?
Neither
What are prokaryotes composed of ?
- Cell wall
- Plasma wall
- Ribosome
- DNA (orga quite simple)
What are eukaryotes composed of ?
-Nucleus
-Nuclear envelope
-endoplasmic reticulum
-ribosomes
-mitochondrion
-vacuole (FOR PLANTS ONLY)
-chloroplast (FOR PLANTS ONLY)
-Golgi apparatus
- plasma membrane
For eukaryotes, can you find genetic info elsewhere that in the nucleus ?
Yes you can find them in the mitochondrion & chloroplast (plants) but these have a diff div process)
Do Prokaryotes express histone proteins ?
Only Archeabacteria
Do eukaryotes express histone proteins ? If yes what for?
Yes they wrap their DNA around histones in order to pack DNA in smaller spaces
What are the 3 essential event of cell reproduction
- gen info must be copied
- copies must be separated from OG
- cell must divide : CYTOKINESIS !!!!
What is cytokinesis ?
the cytoplasmic division of a cell at the end of mitosis or meiosis, bringing about the separation into two daughter cells.
What is a chromatid/chromatin
A complex of DNA and protein
What is the equation for a chromosome ?
1 or 2 chromatid = 1 centromere = 1 chromosome
What is the difference between mitosis & moisis
Mitosis : only 1 parent cell dividing in 2 daughter cells (identical DNA)
Meiosis : 2 parent cells giving 1/2 of their DNA and making a genetically unique daughter cell
Mitosis
Division of the nuclear material
Meiosis
Production of haploid gametes
Genetic variation
Consequences of meiosis
