chapt 15 & 16 Flashcards
rectal thermometer is believed to most accurately reflect core body temperature measures. use of which alternative thermometer provides measures that closely correlate to the rectal method?
temporal artery
a patient is thought to have suffered cardiac arrest. the __ peripheral artery may be asses to verify the effectiveness of chest compressions during cardiopulmonary resuscitation
femoral and radial
in the healthy adult the normal range for blood pressure is
systolic less than 120mm Hg, diastolic less than 80mm Hg
state describing oxygen- deficient tissue
hypoxia
which of the following devices can be classified as a high-flow oxygen delivery device
air-entrainment mask
regarding oxygen delivery, all of the following are true EXCEPT
maximum dose should always be given to obtain the desired results
an artificial airway is inserted into a patients trachea and connected to a mechanical ventilator. in this circumstance, all of the following are true EXCEPT
during chest imaging, the radiographer must fully extend the patient’s neck for proper head position
a properly placed endotracheal tube will be the radiographically confirmed when the
distal tip is positioned 1 inch superior to the tracheal bifurcation
thoracostomy tubes are
chest tubes used to drain the intrapleural space
a patient is admitted to the emergency room and chest images are ordered. the order states “unless sitting up or standing erect, the patient has dyspnea. “ in this case, the patient has which of the following
orthopnea
regarding the electrocardiographic tracing, all of the following are true except
repolarization of atrial muscle cells is represented by the P wave
when multiplying heart rate times stroke volume, the product is:
cardiac output
depending on the cause and severity of an arrhythmia, treatment may include which of the following
cardiac pacemakers or ICD devices, ablation therapy, cardioversion external shock therapy
systolic pressures greater than __ mm Hg generally ensure adequate perfusion of tissues
90
rhythmic contraction and relaxation of the chambers of the heart are controlled by principal cell types to include which of the following
working cardiac cells and specialized neural conductive cells
all of the following are true of atrial fibrillation except
it is always fatal
to ensure a normal sequence for each cardiac cycle, each P wave should be followed by a
QRS complex
when the resting membrane potential is reserved, ___ occurs and myocardial cells are stimulated to contract
depolarization
all of the following are visible on and ECG tracing except
atrial contraction
for analysis of an ECG tracing, which of the below indicates regular rhythm
qrs complexes (RR) intervals are consistent for evaluating ventricular rhythm and intervals between P waves (PP intervals) are consistent for atrial rhythm
prescription for
oxygen
adult breaths per minute
12-20 breaths
abnormally high temperature
hyperthermia
blood pressure is
systolic over diastolic
difficulty breathing
dyspnea
major muscle of ventilation
diaphragm
normal blood pressure
12/80
central venous line tip
SVC
mechanisms for homeostasis
heartbeat, blood pressure, body temp, respiratory rate, electrolyte balance
child breaths
20-30 per minute
measurement of the degree of the deep tissue in the human body
body temperature
temperature below normal 99.7
hypothermia
converts light intensity into oxygen saturation and pulse rate values
pulse oximeter
amount of air exchanged under normal conditions
tidal volume
where should CVP line be placed
position should be superior vena cava, approx 2 to 3 cm above the opening of the right atrium
cardiac output is determined by what 2 key factors
heart rate and left ventricular output (stroke volume)
what cells originate in and transmit electrical impulses across the myocardium and regulate the rhythm of a cardiac cycle
specialized neural cells
what is influenced by sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system
cardiac conduction system
depolarization of atrial muscle
p wave
depolarization of ventricular muscle
qrs complex
repolarization of ventricular muscle
t wave
amount of blood ejected from the ventricles each minute; calculated as the product of stroke volume times heart rate
cardiac output
irregularity of cardiac actions associated with physiologic or pathologic interruption of the heart
arrhythmia
heart rate above 100 beats per minute
tachycardia
events that occur from the beginning of one ventricular contraction (systole) until the beginning of another
cardiac cycle
abnormally slow breathing rate
bradypnea
heating or freezing tissues within a chamber of the heart that is considered to be the cause of arrhythmia
cardiac ablation
the body’s “steady state” is maintained by adaptive responses that promote healthy survival
homeostasis
