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Chapter One Software > Chapt 1- Computer > Flashcards

Chapt 1- Computer Flashcards

1
Q

Distributions

A

A bundling of the Linux kernel and software both enhancements to the OS and applications such as word processors, spreadsheets, media players, and more.

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2
Q

Version

Software Version

A

A unique level of an Operating System

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3
Q

New technology file system

NTFS

A

This filing system is expandable and uses a transaction processing system to track changes to files so that it can roll back incomplete transactions.

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4
Q

Task Management

A

A Operating system function found in multitasking operating systems

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5
Q

System-on-a-chip

SoC

A

The microprocessor, controllers, and memory, on a single chip

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6
Q

Accelerometer

A

Detects the physical tilt and acceleration of the device.

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7
Q

Kernel

A

A computers main component

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8
Q

Edition

A

Separate products for main OS

EX: Windows 7 Professional, Windows 7 ultimate

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9
Q

Client

A

A computer on the user end of servers

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10
Q

Command-Line Interface

CLI

A

A character-based command line that requires text input usually on a computer running Linux. Windows and OS X both also have this as an option

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11
Q

Embedded OS

A

Where a mobile device commonly stores it’s OS in firmware

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12
Q

Job Management

Process Scheduler

A

A Operating system function that controls the order and time in which programs run

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13
Q

Central Processing Unit

CPU

A

Performs the calculations, or processing for the computer.

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14
Q

Microcomputer

A

A computer small enough and cheap enough for the use of one person

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15
Q

User Interface

UI

A

The software layer, sometimes called the shell, through which the user interacts with the OS

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16
Q

Graphical User Interface

GUI

A

Offers menus and small graphical icons that allows you to use a pointing device to select programs to run and to perform many other tasks

17
Q

Server

A

A computer that provides one or more services to other computers over a network

18
Q

Processes

A

A program running as one or more small components while active in memory

19
Q

Integrated Circuit

IC

A

A small electronic component made up of transistors and other miniaturized parts

20
Q

Microprocessor

A

The central processing unit in a micro computer

21
Q

Solid-State Drive

SSD

A

Use integrated circuits, which the computer can write or read them much faster than conventional hard disk drives and optical drives

22
Q

Operating System

OS

A

A collection of programs that controls all of the interactions among the various system components, freeing application programmers from needing to include such functions in their programs

23
Q

A Operating system function that allows the operating system to read, write, and modify data, while managing the logical storage of the data.

A

A Operating system function that allows the operating system to read, write, and modify data, while managing the logical storage of the data.

24
Q

Formatting

A

A technique that Operating systems use to write the logical structure to a storage device

25
Q

Portable Operating System

A

One that you can use on a variety of computer system platforms, with only minor alterations required to be compatible with the underlying architecture

26
Q

File System

A

The logical structure used on a strife device for managing and storing files

27
Q

Input/Output

I/O

A

Interaction with a computer

28
Q

Computer

A

A device that performs calculations

29
Q

Firmware

A

The interface between the hardware and the operating system

30
Q

Application

A

Software that allows a user to perform useful functions

31
Q

Partition

A

An entire drive volume or just a portion of a drive

32
Q

Device Management

A

Controls hardware devices by using special software called device drivers that are installed in the operating system

33
Q

Memory Management

A

A Operating system function that manages the placement of programs and data in memory, while keeping track of where it put them

34
Q

Virtual Memory

A

A portion of the disk used as if it were memory, and not just disk storage space

35
Q

Security

A

Provide password-protected authentication of the user before allowing access to the local computer and may restrict what someone can do on a computer

36
Q

Random-Access Memory

RAM

A

One microprocessor that acts as the main memory for holding active programs and associated data

37
Q

Read Only Memory Basic Input Output System

ROM BIOS

A

System firmware in PC’s for most of the last three decades

38
Q

Unified Extensible Firmware Interface

UEFI

A

A new standard for system firmware that supports modern computers

39
Q

Device Driver

A

A special program installed into an operating system containing code for controlling a component

Chapter One Software (1 decks)

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