chapt. 1

Question 1

core charge

Answer 1

the positive charge which is an attraction felt by the electrons
- increases across (more proton in nucleus)
- decreases down (more shell = valence e- further from nucleus)

Question 2

atom size

Answer 2

• decreases across (more core charge = valence e- are pulled in toward nucleus
• increases down (more shells)

Question 3

ionisation energy

Answer 3

energy required to remove (1st) electron. the electron held more strongly = higher ionisation energy.
- increases across (higher core charge therefore takes mroe energy to remove)
- decreases down (more shells therefore further from nucleus = easier to remove

Question 4

electronegativity

Answer 4

ability to attract electrons
- increases across (greater core charge
- decreases down (greater size, further from nucleus)

Question 5

metals reactivity

Answer 5

metals lose electrons therefore more easily loos electrons = more reactive
- decreases across (greater ionization b/c greater core charge)
- increases down (lower ionization

Question 6

non-metal reactivity

Answer 6

non-metals gain electrons therefore more easily gain electrons = more electronegative
- increases across (higher electronegativity, higher core charge)
- decreases down (lower electronegativity, more shells